One day I decided that it was time to work for myself and started selling various wooden products for decoration. With the initial budget I bought several woodworking machines, and a supply of cutting fluids for them. The stock ran out very quickly, and I had to buy more. Coolant was used in huge quantities. Over time, I asked myself how to make coolant with my own hands, whether it would be cheaper and more effective. I crashed a couple of times due to homemade coolants. And so, I decided to share with you so that you don’t repeat my mistakes.
Source crown-machinery.com
Attention! Cooling lubricants are potentially dangerous to your health; use all the recommendations received while reading this article wisely, and most importantly, at your own peril and risk.
DIY coolant
It is possible to prepare oil or water-soluble coolant with your own hands at home.
To do this, you need a little free time and a simple set of components. Do-it-yourself coolant is potentially dangerous to your equipment and health! We are not responsible for negative consequences. Using the recommendations from this article, you act at your own peril and risk!
The popularity of cutting fluids (coolants) is explained by their wide spectrum of action. They extend the service life of the machine by cooling the cutting tool, improve the quality of processing, increase speed and productivity, and make operations safer and more comfortable. Buying a ready-made liquid is not always the easiest or most obvious way to get these benefits. Sometimes it’s easier to prepare coolant for machines with your own hands.
Does homemade coolant have a right to life? You can replace expensive components with more affordable ones, but you cannot guarantee that the liquid obtained at home will “work” correctly.
About cutting fluids
Cutting fluids, abbreviated as coolant, are a generalized group of fluids used in some machines for metal cutting or pressure processing.
The most common cutting fluids are petroleum oils and their water emulsions. Coolant, as the name implies, is also used for lubricating and cooling metals and metal parts of machine tools and other equipment.
The use of coolant extends the service life of the equipment used and also improves the quality of processing.
In the recommendations that we will consider further, no one guarantees you success, that you will do everything correctly and that by replacing expensive components with affordable ones, your liquid will “work” normally.
Which coolant is better - homemade or factory made?
Many people prefer to make coolant with their own hands, as it is interesting and cheaper than buying it in a store. However, you should think about what is better - save a few hundred on buying coolant, and then cost several thousand to repair the equipment, or buy ready-made coolant and use the equipment for a long time.
Source sterbrust.com
Homemade cutting fluid has many other disadvantages. Among them is the possibility of spoilage of the liquid due to rotting of some components or the development of fungus.
When working with chemical components for the production of cutting fluids, there is a danger of poisoning, the symptoms of which may be dizziness, nausea, vomiting, fainting, weakness, cough and others.
Returning to the main question: what is better than factory-made coolant or home-made one, it is better not to take risks, but to buy proven products.
If you still decide to make coolant yourself, then be careful, follow safety precautions and do everything at your own peril and risk.
How to make oil-based coolant
It’s easy to make coolant yourself, especially if it contains mineral oils. To prepare the base you will need oil, water and a surfactant.
The simplest recipe looks like this: mix 200 ml of surfactant (liquid soap will do), purified vegetable oil, kerosene and soda ash. Add 50 ml of laundry bleach, 25 ml of concentrated dishwashing detergent. Bring the resulting volume to 10 liters using plain water, and then heat to 90 °C, stirring constantly. The output will be do-it-yourself coolant for a lathe. Before use, dilute it in a ratio of one to three.
In some recipes you can see industrial oil - replace it with motor oil, the result will be the same. For example, another popular recipe involves preparing a mixture of industrial (motor) oil, water and a surfactant, which again can be any detergent or liquid soap.
How to make coolant for a machine with your own hands - Metalworker's Guide
- 1 How to make an emulsion for machine tools with your own hands
- 2 Coolant for a lathe: types, composition, how to make it yourself |
MK-Union RF - 3 Coolant (cutting fluids) for lathes
- 4 How to make an emulsion for machine tools with your own hands - Machine tools, welding, metalworking
- 5 DIY emulsion for a lathe
- 1 Cutting fluids for metalworking machines
- 2 Machines and accessories for the workshop - how to make them yourself, how to equip a workroom, garage + video
- 3 Coolant (cutting fluids) for lathes
- 4 Cutting fluid (coolant): classification, application
- 5 Emulsion of metalworking machines
- 6 Coolant for a lathe: types, composition, how to make it yourself
During the metalworking process, there is always strong friction between the workpiece and the tool. This is especially important for lathes, where the cutter gets very hot. Intense friction also causes premature tool wear for cold plastic deformation, especially for operations such as high-speed multi-position heading or cold extrusion. In all these cases, it is necessary to use special cutting fluids.
Using water-based coolant for milling
One of the latest domestic developments in the field of cutting fluids is the water-soluble universal coolant EFELE CF-621.
Despite the fact that this coolant is synthetic, it has a minimal cost, typical for mineral products.
EFELE CF-621 is designed for cutting operations on metals such as steel, including stainless and alloy, cast iron, titanium, aluminum and copper alloys.
[/su_box]
This coolant is available in the form of a concentrate.
It has an amber color and a pleasant caramel smell, does not contain formaldehyde, chlorine and secondary amines, therefore it has no harmful effects on health.
Made from synthetic components with the addition (up to 15%) of a composition of mineral oils, EFELE CF-621 coolant has good biostability and high performance properties.
This allows metal processing to be carried out at a lower solution concentration.
Cutting fluids: structure, mechanism of action
The widespread use of cutting fluids is due to the fact that they simultaneously effectively separate the rubbing surfaces of the workpiece and the tool, and also reduce the temperature of the latter. At the same time, the composition of the components, which include the most effective cutting fluids, is presented:
- Lubricants based on synthetic or animal oils.
- Additives that provide substances with anti-friction and extreme pressure properties.
- Components that prevent the compositions from separating during long-term storage.
- Substances that protect working tools from corrosion and destruction.
- Additives that reduce aggressiveness.
- Additives that improve wettability and also reduce foaming during metalworking.
Used products are subject to mandatory disposal.
The classification according to which cutting fluids (coolants) are produced is usually made according to the following parameters:
- According to the origin of the main components. Thus, oil cutting fluids are produced based on technical oils - petroleum products, as well as on fats of animal or vegetable origin.
- According to the method of preparation, emulsols are distinguished - products with a long period of spontaneous separation, or technical oil cutting fluids, which are prepared immediately before their use. In the latter case, according to GOST, coolant concentrate is produced.
- According to the industry of their application, synthetic coolants are produced, designed for the conditions of plastic deformation operations, moreover, for lathes.
- Oil coolants also differ in their physical and mechanical properties - acid number, viscosity, flash point. The last characteristic determines whether oil coolants can be used in hot stamping operations or not.
Brands of the most common machining compounds
The following types are produced for lathes:
- Emulsols, which are diluted ordinary mineral oils (for example, I-12, I-20) Petroleum-based emulsols are produced according to the technical requirements of GOST 6243-75;
- Emulsifiers that contain metal soaps of synthetic fatty acids. Manufactured in accordance with GOST R 52128-2003;
- Synthetic compositions based on high-atomic alcohols, tall oils, triethanolamine. They are produced in accordance with GOST 38.01445-88, and are intended for lathes that perform mechanical processing of high-speed, stainless, and alloy steels. Their use in used form is not allowed;
- Sulfofresols (GOST 122-94) are mixtures of highly purified oil and sulfur-containing compounds. They effectively reduce friction and do not have corrosive properties, since they do not contain water, acids, or alkalis.
A common property that synthetic coolant for lathes should have is reduced viscosity.
Here, the main components of the coolant are easily distributed over the complex surface of the tool, cool it well, and do not allow chips to stick to the cutter.
On average, the considered indicator for machining processes does not exceed 35 - 40 cSt.
In Russia, imported products are often used, for example, from the MobilCut brand.
However, according to the principle of import substitution, which is now being widely implemented in Russia, imported brands are gradually being replaced by domestic types of similar products.
In addition, descriptions of such products often do not consider the types of steels or non-ferrous alloys (in particular, aluminum) that are used in Russia. There are specially equipped containers for used coolant.
Requirements for cutting fluids
Types of coolant for metal forming processes
Due to the significant specific forces, as well as the speeds of relative sliding of the workpiece material along the tool, grades for use in technological processes must have a significantly higher viscosity.
In addition, at significant degrees of deformation, chemical-mechanical surface reactions begin on the contact surfaces, contributing to the deterioration of friction conditions. This reduces tool life, particularly when machining soft metals such as aluminum.
It is unacceptable to use partially waste substances when processing aluminum. Therefore, the characteristic features of these compositions for Russian conditions are:
- Quite high viscosity. In practice, it varies from 45 - 50 cSt for coolants based on mineral oils of type I20 (GOST 20799-88), to 75 - 80 cSt for coolants with sulfur compounds and animal fats (a typical representative is Ukrinol GOST 9.085-88);
- Resistant to high temperature delamination or fracture. The composition necessarily contains sulfur additives and anionic emulsifiers. The most commonly used brands include ethanolamines and alkyl sulfates with additives in accordance with GOST 10534-88. In waste products, the concentration of such components decreases sharply;
- Water-based graphite types, including an additive based on an oil suspension of fine-flaked graphite. Produced in accordance with GOST 5962-88.
Do-it-yourself coolant - how to prepare an emulsion for a lathe?
WARNING: USING HOMEMADE COOLANT CAN BE DANGEROUS TO THE EQUIPMENT AND YOUR HEALTH! THE SITE ADMINISTRATION IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES!
The use of cutting fluids (coolants) during turning operations:
- extends the service life of the tool and machine;
- increases the cleanliness class of treated surfaces;
- allows for high-speed metal processing.
There is a wide selection of coolant in stores, but you can prepare an emulsion for a lathe with your own hands, using simple recipes.
Homemade coolant analogues are made on the basis of oil (if better lubrication of the workpiece and tool is required) or water (if higher cooling properties are required). There is no clear answer to the question of what is the best material to use to prepare coolant for a machine yourself. For example, expensive WD-40 lubricant for drilling aluminum can be replaced with a mixture of kerosene (70%) and turpentine (30%). When making emulsions for processing ferrous metals, you need to remember that they must contain corrosion inhibitors.
How to replace coolant
Cooling lubricants are not unique in composition and principle of action. If you have a small amount of work to do, you can get by with the closest home-made analogues with similar characteristics.
Let's say you need to prepare coolant for aluminum with your own hands. At home or in the garage, you can get by with kerosene or turpentine, but this will not be the best solution for many reasons (the main ones are a strong unpleasant odor and toxicity). Ethyl and isopropyl alcohol are good alternatives. They do not require a high degree of purification, but you need to monitor their water content. If its mass fraction exceeds 0.1, you risk causing corrosion on the metal surfaces of the cutting or grinding tool.
How to make your own oil-based coolant
To prepare an oil-based emulsion with your own hands, just thoroughly mix three components - oil, water and surfactant (surfactant).
Metalworking forums also offer more complex recipes for making homemade coolant for lathes. For example:
- mix one faceted glass of flavored liquid soap, unrefined sunflower oil, kerosene and soda ash + half a stack of laundry bleach + a quarter stack of Fairy, add warm water to a volume of 10 liters and heat to 90 ° with continuous stirring. Dilute the resulting concentrate with water in a ratio of 1:3.
- 65 liters of water + 7 liters of diesel fuel + 1 piece of grated 60% laundry soap + 1 pack of Pemos Automatic washing powder + 200g of Feri dishwashing liquid (Fairy) + 2 tablespoons of soda ash. After pouring into the coolant tank, run the pump for 10 minutes - and the homemade emulsion is ready.
Industrial oil is often found in recipes for homemade emulsions. It can be replaced with a motor one.
How to make coolant for a machine with your own hands
Coolant for lathes is a necessary component of a turner’s work.
There are different types of coolers that differ in certain properties. In this article you will learn about what types of liquids there are, as well as their detailed description.
What is coolant?
The abbreviation SOZH stands for Lubricating and Cooling Fluids. Coolers are necessary for continuous operation of equipment. Use at work makes work easier and allows you to perform several tasks:
- The liquid cools the cutter. Thus, the part is completely safe, since intense load increases the likelihood of overheating. Coolant can extend service life.
- During processing, the workpiece heats up, increasing the risk of contamination. Coolant is necessary for creating structures from pure metal, as it removes contaminants.
- Lubrication improves the productivity of the lathe.
- In addition to cooling, the coolant lubricates the contact area with the product. The load on the device is reduced, which extends its life.
Coolant is used in all types of manufacturing of metal structures: drilling, rolling, turning, stamping, cutting and other types of processing. Excellent improvement in efficiency, quality and safety of parts are the main advantages of coolant.
Types, composition and characteristics
There are dozens of types of coolant, which differ in composition and characteristics. The functions performed are the same, but each type increases the efficiency of a particular action when working with the machine in a different way.
Oily
The main component of the coolant is mineral oil, which is mixed with mineral elements.
The coolant contains the following substances: anti-wear, anti-friction and extreme pressure additives.
Inhibitors and agents against oxidation and the appearance of nebulae are also present.
Characteristics of substances:
- Anti-wear additives reduce wear on working tools.
- Antifriction additives for technical oils.
- Anti-seize protects tools from overheating and wear under severe conditions.
- Inhibitors are used to protect instruments from corrosion reactions.
- Anti-fog additives reduce the risk of oily mists.
Emulsol is an oily liquid made from spindle oil and several additives.
The main advantage is excellent corrosion protection.
When combined with water, it becomes a universal liquid that does an excellent job of protection and cooling.
But also, the oily solution has the disadvantages of a low degree of cooling compared to other types of liquids.
The use of oily liquids increases the risk of fire.
Synthetic
The product is used for abrasive processing of metal workpieces.
It consists of several additives that have a balanced composition.
If you mix synthetic liquid with water you will get a transparent microemulsion.
Synthetic coolant is an excellent coolant for lathes, since cooling is its main advantage.
Synthetic coolant reduces the risk of smoke in the workplace. Used in various water compositions.
The composition is formed from stable minerals that cope with foaming.
This liquid is not always used. It is used when working with certain metals: steel, cast iron, glass and aluminum alloys, stainless steel.
Semi-synthetic
Unlike the previous type of liquid, it not only perfectly cools the machine, but also lubricates the parts.
It contains a small amount of mineral oils, which are mixed with a small amount of other mineral additives.
Emulsol, which is the main component, allows you to effectively lubricate and cool equipment parts.
Emulsol is better suited for lathes that specialize in working with heavy metals.
The emulsion is used for some types of work, best for abrasive machining of cast iron. But this is not the only type of work; this includes blade and sharpening of complex metals.
Water based
Water-based fluids have one function: lubricating parts. Although they are not coolers, they are the best at lubricating prepared materials and equipment.
There are many watery solutions, but we’ll tell you about one of the main ones:
- An aqueous solution with a small content of soda (0.8%) and sodium nitrate (0.25%). Protects workpieces and tools from corrosion.
- Boiled water containing 1.5% trisodium phosphate. Used for turning workpieces.
- A solution of water with 2-3% emulsol and a small amount of calcined salt (1.5%). Used for accelerated processing, but has low cleaning quality.
Feeding watery coolant on a lathe helps speed up the processing of materials.
DIY making
There are different types of liquids, especially watery ones.
You could list the types and compositions of liquids for a long time, but it’s unlikely to fit into one article.
In our article we will demonstrate only one example of an oil-based cooler.
Emulsion is difficult to prepare, since a large number of components are used to create it.
In our example, we will consider a recipe for an emulsion based on liquid soap. In addition, we will need unrefined sunflower oil, kerosene and soda ash, as well as some household chemicals.
Most of the listed substances are found in every home, with the exception of kerosene.
Recipe
- Pour liquid soap into a faceted glass, mix with sunflower oil, kerosene and ash water. It is advisable to prepare 3 such glasses and pour them into 1 container of 10 liters or more.
- To the mixture, add half a shot of bleach and a quarter shot of dish detergent, such as Fairy.
- Pour the solution with warm water. Use a 10 liter container. Pour water until the container is completely filled.
- Heat the liquid to a temperature of 90 degrees. When heating, the liquid must be continuously stirred.
- Pour the resulting mixture into a container and mix with water. The ratio of the solution to water should be 1:3.
Our solution is ready, you can safely use it at your workplace.
If some components are missing, then here is a simpler solution. Take and industrially mix oil, water and surfactant.
How to lubricate a drill when drilling metal?
It is possible to prepare oil or water-soluble coolant with your own hands at home. To do this, you need a little free time and a simple set of components.
Do-it-yourself coolant is potentially dangerous to your equipment and health! We are not responsible for negative consequences. Using the recommendations from this article, you act at your own peril and risk!
The popularity of cutting fluids (coolants) is explained by their wide spectrum of action. They extend the service life of the machine by cooling the cutting tool, improve the quality of processing, increase speed and productivity, and make operations safer and more comfortable. Buying a ready-made liquid is not always the easiest or most obvious way to get these benefits. Sometimes it’s easier to prepare coolant for machines with your own hands.
Does homemade coolant have a right to life? You can replace expensive components with more affordable ones, but you cannot guarantee that the liquid obtained at home will “work” correctly.
Types of coolant used in turning
Cooling lubricants, while performing the same functions, differ in composition and performance parameters.
Oily
The base is mineral oil, and the composition can be supplemented with various functional additives that perform anti-friction, extreme pressure, anti-corrosion, and anti-fog functions.
Oil lubricants and cooling agents are actively used during cutting, as well as during work on automatic machines.
Liquids are colorless—their transparency does not block the view of the workpiece during grinding or turning. Although they have excellent lubricating characteristics, they have some disadvantages: lack of cooling and a high level of flammability.
Synthetic
The product contains components that help weaken the surface tension of the liquid and also increase the effectiveness of the lubricant.
The composition includes water-soluble polymers, corrosion inhibitors, surfactants, antifoam additives, biocides and water. To increase the effectiveness of lubricity, extreme pressure and anti-wear additives are introduced.
The liquid is used when working with stainless steel, cast iron, plastic and various polymers. The product is resistant to bacterial contamination, which ensures sanitary and environmental safety, as well as a long service life.
Semi-synthetic
Semi-synthetic cooling lubricants contain mineral oil as a base. Liquids have high anti-corrosion parameters and lubricating properties.
Coolants are resistant to bacterial attack and also contain extreme pressure additives and wear protection.
The composition of the components of semi-synthetic liquids is practically no different from emulsols. The only difference is the level of concentration of the elements. The basis of semi-synthetic substances is water - up to 50% and emulsifiers - up to 40%.
An important component is petroleum oil, which has a low viscosity.
Water based
Designed to protect equipment, increase machine service life, and process productivity. Aqueous solutions contain mineral oils, biocides, corrosion inhibitors and other components, with the exception of nitrates, secondary amines, heavy metal compounds and chlorine.
The substances are produced in the form of a concentrate, which is diluted with water. As a rule, the cutting fluid is poured into clean water. It is not recommended to carry out the process in a different sequence, adding concentrate to water.
The proportion of substance and water depends on the type of operation performed and the material being processed. The lowest concentration is 2% and is used for grinding metal products. To work with high-alloy steels, at least 10% of the product is required.
How to make oil-based coolant
It’s easy to make coolant yourself, especially if it contains mineral oils. To prepare the base you will need oil, water and a surfactant.
The simplest recipe looks like this: mix 200 ml of surfactant (liquid soap will do), purified vegetable oil, kerosene and soda ash. Add 50 ml of laundry bleach, 25 ml of concentrated dishwashing detergent. Bring the resulting volume to 10 liters using plain water, and then heat to 90 °C, stirring constantly. The output will be do-it-yourself coolant for a lathe. Before use, dilute it in a ratio of one to three.
In some recipes you can see industrial oil - replace it with motor oil, the result will be the same. For example, another popular recipe involves preparing a mixture of industrial (motor) oil, water and a surfactant, which again can be any detergent or liquid soap.
How to prepare water-based coolant
The composition of coolant for do-it-yourself machines can be different. Along with oil-based ones, water-soluble lubricating fluids are popular. They have a simple composition, and preparation consists of dissolving the main components in warm water. The composition of such coolant may include:
| Main component | Auxiliary Component |
| Soda Ash | – |
| Soda Ash | Sodium nitrite |
| Trisodium phosphate | – |
| Trisodium phosphate | Sodium nitrite |
| Potassium soap | Trisodium phosphate + sodium nitrite |
| Potassium soap | Soda Ash |
An aqueous solution with soda and sodium nitrite is often used. This mixture prevents corrosion on metal workpieces. If the composition includes trisodium phosphate, the coolant is suitable for turning workpieces.
If you make coolant yourself, the composition may change. But the safety rules for their preparation must remain unchanged. Use personal protective equipment, and carry out work in a non-residential area: workshop, garage, etc.
Efficiency of using lubricant-cooling mixtures
Tests have shown that the economic effect of using refrigerants reaches 15-45%. The research was carried out by the German plant Karnasch. Two core drills with a diameter of 25 mm were taken as a basis, and a sheet of metal 10 mm thick served as the workpiece. In the first case, a 7% emulsion solution was supplied to the working area, in the second - water. Result: the first drill made 1500 holes, the second - 850. The difference is significant - 45%.
When using coolants and spending on them, the economic effect ranges from 15-20%, and the machine lasts longer, which is also important.
Which is better: homemade or factory coolant?
Many people wonder how to make coolant for a machine with their own hands. But at the same time they think little about the consequences. Experts say that the best option is to purchase a ready-made cooling lubricant.
Homemade products have many disadvantages:
- it is difficult to achieve stable fluid characteristics;
- alternative components do not always perform the stated functions;
- there is a high probability of damage to the coolant due to the development of fungus or rotting of individual components during storage.
If you prepare the liquid and coolant pump with your own hands, you will have to come into contact with chemically active components that can be dangerous to the skin and mucous membranes, and inhale toxic fumes. The result may be dizziness, nausea and other signs of poisoning, which should promptly consult a doctor. Therefore, it is better not to experiment, but to immediately purchase ready-made concentrated coolant for specific tasks.
Simple rules
To avoid unpleasant moments associated, for example, with overheating of the drill, strong heating of the drilling site, and others, you need to follow a few simple rules, which will allow you to make perfectly even holes without additional time and material costs. It must be taken into account that stainless steel has a viscous structure, therefore, in order to avoid overheating of the drill, stainless steel must be drilled only at low speeds. The drills should be as sharp as possible. In addition, to avoid severe overheating of the drilling site, which will significantly complicate further drilling of the material, it is necessary to reduce the temperature of the drill every 10 seconds.
If during the drilling process the chips become increasingly fine and dark, this indicates that the drill is dull and the hole in the stainless steel is overheating. Before continuing work, the drill must be sharpened or replaced with a new, sharper one. Drilling into stainless steel usually starts with small diameter drill bits, such as size five or four. Next, you can use drills of the required diameter to achieve the required hole size. As a result of such actions, you can significantly reduce drilling time and make the hole as smooth as possible.
Very few basics at the beginning.
Before work, you must select the cutting mode. What it is? Elements of the cutting mode when drilling
There are 3 main parameters: Cutting speed
when drilling, it is conventionally the peripheral speed (the speed of a point located on the surface) of the drill relative to the workpiece.
(In simple terms: "how fast the drill rotates", or the number of revolutions per minute depending on the diameter of the drill.) For example, the same cutting speed of 20 m/min is achieved if a drill with a diameter of 1.0 is rotated 6366 times per minute (rpm), and a drill with a diameter of 10.0 - 637 times per minute. Feed
– the amount of movement of the drill in the direction of the drilling axis per revolution in mm/rev (how quickly the drill immerses into the material).
Torque
perceived by the drill when cutting (what torsional load the drill experiences during operation).
These three parameters are mutually determining and their choice depends on: - the material being processed; - the material of the drill itself; -equipment on which work is performed and type of cooling; - other factors (surface roughness, contamination, etc.).
About
the features of drilling stainless steels
The main feature (difficulty) when working with stainless steel is related to its ductility. As a result, a kind of sticking occurs on the working surface of the drill, which leads to overheating of the tool and its failure. Therefore, it is important: – to ensure heat removal using cooling; – use drills that are more resistant to heat and allow better chip removal.
Made from high speed steel HSSCo (M35) or similar designations (HSSCo5, HSSE, P6MK5), these drills are specially designed and recommended for drilling difficult-to-cut and stainless steels.
1. The composition of R6M5K5 includes 5% cobalt, which significantly increases the red-hardness of the drill - the ability to maintain high hardness and wear resistance obtained as a result of heat treatment when heated to red-hot temperatures. 2. The drill is made using more expensive grinding technology - i.e. The drill bit is not twisted into a spiral (like rolled drills), but the flutes are formed on a grinding machine. As a result, there is no internal tension in the drill, and the surfaces are smooth, which significantly improves chip yield (important when drilling stainless steel). 3. The apex angle is 135 degrees with a cross-shaped point. This is the angle between the working edges of the drill (i.e., unlike conventional metal drills, cobalt drills look more “blunt”). This angle reduces the area of the drill’s working area, which reduces the load on it, and the cross-shaped point at the top reduces the dead zone (in this place the drill bears the greatest load) between the working edges.
How to drill ordinary stainless steel with a cobalt drill
If you can provide the correct cutting conditions,
i.e.
If you have a machine on which you can accurately set the speed, feed and provide cooling
, then we simply choose for stainless steel:
Cutting speed
V = 10 m/min is recommended by most manufacturers for working with stainless steels and is necessary for selecting speed.
Then the revolutions can be calculated using the formula: n=3180/D for a drill with a diameter of 1.0 - 3180 rpm, for a drill 5.0 already 636 rpm Feed:
0.005-0.01d mm/n, where d is the diameter of the drill .
This means that in one minute a drill with a diameter of 5 mm should drill a hole with a depth of about 3 mm, and a hole with a diameter of 10 mm is already 1.6 mm. Cooling: It is recommended to use oleic acid as a coolant .
Read also: Capacitor for starting an electric motor
If you work with an ordinary drill in “field conditions”
For cooling, you can take olive oil (it contains 81% oleic acid) or sunflower oil - up to 40%, and if it is absolutely impossible to use liquid, then you can use lard or fat - they contain up to 44% oleic acid. Drill at minimum speed (100-200 rpm). If the drill does not allow you to set the speed, use the on/off method and drill by inertia. Only the minimum feed (pressure on the drill), while trying to ensure a uniform feed.
1. It is a grave mistake to cool the drill by dipping it in water or something else (i.e., drill “dry” and then dip it, etc.). By these actions you instantly damage the drill. Rapid heating and cooling leads to unpredictable consequences, a kind of uncontrolled tempering or hardening. 2. Cobalt drills do not have to be yellow (bronze), cobalt is not a coating, it is part of the high-speed steel from which the drill is made. The coating is either: additional protection against corrosion, or it improves gliding, or it is just an image move by the manufacturer. 3. The given recommendations are valid when working with ordinary stainless steel; they have additional features when drilling thin-sheet stainless steel.
To prevent oil paint from drying out during storage and to prevent a film from forming on it, place a circle of thick paper on the surface of the paint and fill it with a thin layer of drying oil.
"The polyethylene film covering the balcony or greenhouse is protected from being torn off by the wind by a string stretched on both sides at intervals of 10-15 cm. "
» To make it easier to work with a concrete mixture, clay is usually added to it, but clay reduces the strength of the mixture. Add a spoonful of washing powder to it per bucket of water. "
“To prevent the screw, the head of which is hidden behind the obstacle, from rotating together with the tightened nut, you need to throw several turns of thread or thin wire over it and lightly tighten the ends. Due to friction, the screw is held well in place. The ends of the thread can be trimmed after tightening. "
» You can cut out the birdhouse entrance without a brace. It is enough to split the front side of the board in the center and cut out half-holes of the required size with a chisel or hatchet, and then connect the halves again. "
Coolant - do-it-yourself video
You can see how to make coolant for a machine yourself in this video. Its author needed a simple set of ingredients for the work: 72% laundry soap, waste oil, warm water. Tools include a convenient knife for grinding soap, two separate containers for mixing and heating the items listed above, plus an electric stove. We invite you to familiarize yourself with the preparation process:
If you prefer to use high-quality products with a predictable effect in your work, we recommend purchasing coolant for a lathe from a trusted manufacturer at Loc-Line. We will offer the optimal cutting fluid for your operating conditions, and advise on its use and replacement. For detailed information, call number 8 in St. Petersburg or write by e-mail
What is coolant?
Cutting fluid is a specially developed composition used when working with metals. During technological processes on lathes, friction occurs, which most often leads to deformation of the workpiece or a change in the properties of the material used.
In addition, expensive equipment or its parts may fail.
The main task of coolant in the metalworking process is to separate surfaces that are subject to friction and also to reduce the temperature of the tool.
The content of various additives in a chemical product helps to increase productivity, simplify work processes and improve the quality of products.
