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Dina
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An edge banding machine (or edge maker) is one of the most complex devices actively used in furniture production. Its task is to veneer the edge of a furniture piece with a straight or curved shape.
After processing with an edger, the elements of future furniture acquire an aesthetic, neat appearance and receive additional protection from mechanical damage and delamination.
Not a single modern furniture production can do without this device. Even private production and repair of furniture requires an edger. Unfinished ends are already considered low production.
- Principle of operation of the mechanism Basic classification of edgers
- Main characteristics
Purpose:
The machines cover straight and curved edges of furniture panels and blanks with natural strip or synthetic roll material. Edgebanding machines are divided into simple positional ones with manual feeding of workpieces, single-sided edgebanding machines and double-sided edgebanding lines. The equipment options for each type of machine are also different - the configuration of edge banding equipment depends on the complexity of the furniture elements, the volume of its production, the customer’s wishes for the quality of the veneer and other nuances.
Self-production of an edge bending machine
Design, types and principle of operation of the steering mechanism How to make a device for performing edge bending operations? This problem can be solved quite simply.
Option one. Long straight edge bending machine
In order to make such a device, you will need its drawings, which are easy to find on the Internet, as well as the following equipment and consumables:
- metal channels from which the base and clamps of the edge bender are made;
- thick-walled corner for making a crimping punch;
- metal sheet from which the edge bender brushes will be made;
- a metal bracket used as a handle for a device.
Scheme of operation of a homemade edge bender
The assembly diagram for making a machine for performing edge bending operations is as follows:
The edges of the punch and base are chamfered, the size of which should be 7x45°, and the length should be 30 cm. Metal rods with a diameter of 10 mm are welded to the punch, which will act as axes. When welding such rods, it is necessary to ensure that their axis coincides with the edge of the angle. Samples are made at the ends of the working part of the clamp. A homemade edge bender is pre-assembled in a vice, with the help of which the punch is compressed with the base
In this case, it is important to ensure that the wall of the punch and the working shelf of the base, between which the cardboard spacer is placed, are located in the same plane. Steel brushes are placed on the punch axis and pressed to the base using clamps
After checking the correct position of the brushes, they are welded to the base of the device. Holes are drilled at the base of the edge bender into which clamping bolts are screwed. Studs are welded to the base of the machine - a metal channel - onto which nuts are screwed. Having unscrewed the bolts, they are inserted into the drilled holes of the clamping mechanism and the restriction nuts are screwed onto them. A handle is welded to the metal corner of a homemade edge bender.
Drawing of a bending beam (click to enlarge)
Drawing of the lower beam (click to enlarge)
Drawing of the pressure beam (click to enlarge)
Once your edge bending device is assembled, all that remains is to secure it in a bench vise.
Edge bender mounted on a workbench
https://youtube.com/watch?v=EBreqnlypps
Option two. Manual edge bender for flanging
With this homemade device you can bend edges of any length, and the design is taken from manual factory-made edge benders.
Using these examples, we examined the procedure for manufacturing standard edge benders, which can be used to perform a whole list of technological operations. If you need an edge-bending device, which is used to carry out auto repairs, then it has an even simpler design and, accordingly, low cost, so it is not practical to make it yourself: it is better to purchase such a device.
Positional edge banding machines.
Designed for lining straight and curved edges of furniture panels and blanks with natural strip or synthetic roll material.
Principle of operation:
- Fig.1
Edge gluing on positional edge banding machines is done using granular hot melt adhesive. The glue is poured into a bath, where it melts due to heating elements at a certain temperature set by an electronic device. The hot melt adhesive from the bath is fed onto a glue spreading roller with a dosing device. The dosing device is used to regulate the consumption of applied glue. Typically, hot melt adhesive in these machines is applied to the edge, but there can also be a combined application of glue to the edge and the workpiece.
So, the edge material is driven by a drive mechanism using a foot pedal at a certain feed speed (usually adjusted and adjusted to the workpiece). Next, hot glue is applied to the edge and by moving the workpiece manually along the table, the machine operator grabs the edge with the applied glue and moves the workpiece at the feed speed of the edge. rolling it by pressing the workpiece against stationary or driven rollers. By releasing the foot pedal, the edging material is cut automatically by the guillotine and its feeding stops, thereby making the machine ready for applying an edge to the next workpiece.
Now all that remains is to remove the overhangs of the edge material from the workpieces using hand or electric tools or special equipment.
Photos of machines:
- Fig.2
- Fig.3
The operation of a positional edge banding machine can be viewed at the link or
Positional edgebanding machines are produced in Russia, the CIS and many countries in Europe and Asia with various characteristics.
Hot melt adhesive for positional edge banding machines
We recommend using hot melt adhesive for low feed speeds and low melting temperatures. The adhesive produced by Kleiberit brand 788.3, a medium-filled hot melt adhesive for edges made of veneer, PVC, ABS and impregnated paper for manual machines, is well suited for these purposes. Technical parameters of the glue can be found here.
Famous manufacturers
Filato
A Chinese brand that creates equipment for furniture production. The company guarantees high quality products through the use of CNC machines from Germany and Japan.
Advantages of Filato machines:
If any part breaks or wears out, you can order and receive a new one as soon as possible. Thanks to this, when operating Filato edge banding machines, there is less risk of long equipment downtime and production delays.
Brandt
A German brand owned by the large holding Homag. Machines of this brand are valued by furniture manufacturers for their reliability and high quality.
Advantages of Brandt machines:
AKRON
A line of edge banding machines from the Italian company Biesse. The company has been producing equipment for furniture production since the late 60s of the last century. On AKRON brand machines you can use edge strips made of PVC, melamine, veneer, ABC, as well as wooden slats and veneer.
Advantages of Akron edge banding machines:
Another product line of the German holding Homag. All models of this brand are fully automatic edgebanding machines, controlled via mini-computers. In the IMA equipment line you can find both single-sided and double-sided machines.
Advantages of IMA edge banding machines:
The company produces equipment for small, medium and large furniture enterprises. If necessary, you can purchase manual edge banding machines for processing curved parts.
OSTERMANN
One of the largest manufacturers of equipment for furniture production in the European Union. The company exports products all over the world and strives to make its machines not only high-quality, but also affordable. The most popular among furniture makers is the OSTERMANN 6TF edge banding machine.
Advantages of OSTERMANN machines using the 6TF model as an example:
Griggio
An Italian company that has been producing wood processing equipment since the middle of the last century. Its products include manual and automatic edge banding machines that can be used to glue straight edges in PVC, ABS, laminate and natural wood.
Advantages of Griggio machines:
The machines of this North American company are relatively low in cost. The equipment produced by Jet belongs to the middle price segment, but at the same time pleases users with high quality.
Advantages of JET machines:
Single Side Automatic Edge Banding Machines
Purpose: Automatic edge banding machine, pass-through type, designed for lining the edges of the straight sides of panels in automatic mode with various edge materials.
Principle of operation:
- Fig.4
- Fig.5
- Fig.6
Let's consider the principle of operation on a machine with the maximum configuration of units and devices included in the machine. Machines are available with and without CNC. CNC machines are controlled by an electronic device capable of changing machine settings automatically; on non-CNC machines, equipment adjustment is done manually. During processing, workpieces are moved by means of a drive conveyor with an adjustable feed speed or without adjustment.
The first unit in the machines (Fig. 4 on the left) is the unit for preliminary milling of the end of the workpiece. Allows you to eliminate defects on workpieces that arise as a result of cutting (chips, steps from a scoring saw), as well as defects associated with the low quality of chipboard, MDF board materials (thickening at the ends). Next: IR - lamp for preheating the workpiece Allows preheating of the end of the workpiece before the glue-applying unit to improve adhesion and uniform distribution of the glue-melt. Next: Edge material feed magazine Includes a driven feed roller and a special holder for feeding strip material. Next: Glue application unit This unit is used to apply and adjust the amount of glue. The glue temperature is regulated by an electronic control unit, which ensures that the desired temperature is maintained and prevents overheating of the glue.
The following units installed on the machine are used to process the removal of edge material overhangs. The first unit (Fig. 14 on the left) is the overhang trimming unit. Finish trimming of edge overhangs is carried out automatically using two saws. Next: Overhang milling unit. The milling unit is equipped with two R2 radius cutters and floating tracers that allow you to monitor the thickness of the workpiece, which ensures excellent quality of the machined surface. Next: Unit for automatic rounding of the end corners of the glued edge material Allows you to automatically round the end corners of the edge material without stopping the workpiece. Next: The scraping unit carries out finishing processing of material (pvc/abs) with a thickness of 1 to 3 mm and completely eliminates such a defect as a “kinematic wave” that occurs when milling overhangs of edge material at high feed speeds.
The following units serve to impart a high-quality appearance to the resulting furniture piece. Industrial hair dryers (Fig. 15 on the left). Designed to restore the natural color of the edge material after processing at the scraping unit. Next: Polishing unit. Designed to polish the processed part of the edge, remove excess hot melt adhesive, and give it a natural color and shine.
Photos of machines:
- Fig.7
- Fig.8
The operation of an automatic edge banding machine can be viewed at the link or.
Positional edgebanding machines are produced in Russia, the CIS and many countries in Europe and Asia with various characteristics.
Hot melt adhesive for automatic edge banding machines
The choice of hot melt adhesive is made depending on the equipment used and the tasks facing production. For medium-speed machines, the most suitable is the hot melt adhesive produced by Kleiberit 788.7, a medium-filled hot melt adhesive for edges made of veneer, PVC, ABS and impregnated paper for feed speeds up to 15 m/min, its technical characteristics can be viewed here. For high feed speeds, you can use hot melt adhesive 744.4, a medium-fill hot melt adhesive for veneer, PVC, ABS and impregnated paper edges for feed speeds from 20 to 40 m/min, its technical characteristics can be found here. There are machines manufactured by Holz-her that do not use granular hot melt adhesive, but cartridge adhesive. For these machines, Kleiberit has glue brand 782/.0, its technical characteristics can be found here.
Review of the latest machines
If the best automatic edge banding machines are created abroad, then hand tools work well here in Russia. Thus, the domestic manufacturing plant KROM offers customers one of its latest innovations: the manual edge banding machine KROM 750 . This small setup is a great option for a small furniture business. The device is distinguished by high quality components and strict control during assembly. At the same time, it is much cheaper and more durable than its imported analogues, such as Virutex and Wegoma.
The technical characteristics of this “baby” are also impressive. Thanks to the powerful heating element, it is ready for full operation within 9 minutes after starting. The maximum radius of curvature of the workpiece that it can veneer is 40 mm. Designed for gluing PVC edges with a width of 10-45 mm and a thickness of 0.3-3.0 mm at a speed of 5 m/min. Operating temperature: 120-180 °C. It also has a built-in glue reservoir with a capacity of 270 ml. The machine comes with a repair kit for quickly eliminating minor faults. And to expand the functionality of the device, you can additionally purchase an electric trimmer for removing edge overhangs or a manual trimmer.
Among the universal edgebanding machines, in which the material can be fed both manually and automatically, we highlight a new product from the Austrian manufacturer FELDER. The FORKA 300 S eco model is also designed for
curved and for straight cladding. Moreover, the machine is initially also equipped with a device for preliminary trimming of rolled edge material. The presence of a large work table allows you to paste over large parts, including those of great thickness. The developers of this machine compare working on this device with a child's game, assuring that it has no equal in its class in terms of simplicity and convenience.
Double-sided edge banding lines
Purpose: allows you to veneer two parallel, opposite edges of a rectangular panel blank in one pass at once, called. Features of double-sided machines: When particle board began to replace wood slabs and other panel parts in furniture production, it turned out that it looked quite unsightly when cut. In addition, formaldehyde is released through its unlined edges, gradually poisoning the entire volume of the room. Therefore, lining the edges of the panel parts from chipboard has become mandatory on all four sides. At the same time, the productivity of a double-sided machine is exactly two times greater than that of a single-sided machine. A double-sided edge banding machine (Fig. 9, 10) is actually two single-sided edgebanders facing each other. They are placed on a single bed so that one of them can move along the guides of this bed to adjust to the width of the workpiece being processed. The units for gluing the edge material and processing the edges are similar to those used in double-sided ones, practically the same as in single-sided ones. Their composition is also selected depending on the type of adhesives and edge material.
Photos of machines:
- Fig.9
- Fig.10
An example of an integrated full-cycle automatic line with two machines:
- Fig.11
1. Automatic loader 2. 1st double-sided machine 3. Turning station 4.2nd double-sided machine 5. Turning station 6. Unloader
Do-it-yourself edging machine
Factory-made devices are highly expensive, so for a small home workshop it is advisable to make the machine yourself. A home-made edge gluing machine will be noticeably inferior to purchased analogues in terms of power and performance, but it can easily cope with the amount of work in the home workshop of a novice furniture maker.
When planning to make such an edging unit yourself, you should soberly assess your strengths. An edge banding machine is a high-risk device, and the safety of the operator depends on the quality of its assembly.
It is important to understand that the working parts of the machine are heated to very high temperatures. When using it, you must be careful and follow safety regulations.
Design elements
Devices of this type are used in various industries and have different designs. In general, a homemade machine should include:
- stable bed and comfortable table;
- tape feeding and centering unit;
- heater with temperature control system;
- heat-resistant guides;
- excess edge trimming system;
- polishing module.
The combination of all these components is a rather complex device, so for home use you can limit yourself to a simpler design. In a homemade edging machine, you can do without unnecessary automation, leaving only a device that feeds the tape and a device for heating it. In this case, you will have to use a tape with a pre-applied adhesive composition, which is somewhat more expensive, but at the same time you will be able to save on the complex components of the machine.
Properly manufactured, this device can be used as a machine for edging boards, plywood, wood boards and other similar materials. The machine will have a simple design; its consciousness will not require expensive components and assemblies.
Assembly order
First of all, you need a tabletop made of textolite or plywood covered with plastic. A horizontal stop, a metal square, is attached to it, against which the workpiece will be pressed.
It is rational to use a heated metal roller from a hair dryer as a heating element and at the same time a clamp. There is a cutout in the guide square where the roller exits. The part of the square behind the roller can be covered with soft material, felt or cloth, which will serve for polishing.
Actually, the machine is ready. You just need to screw the pin into the tabletop, which will become the axis of the roll, bring the end of the tape into the work area, turn on the hairdryer and wait until it heats up the roller. Next, the end of the workpiece is brought to a horizontal stop and the beginning of the tape can be glued. The workpiece is moved along the guide, while trying not to overheat the tape, but also to ensure maximum joint strength.
Care of the edger
It doesn’t matter whether you use factory equipment or a simple homemade machine, you must follow safety precautions when working with it and ensure timely maintenance. There are several important rules, ignoring which can lead to failure of the device or injury to the operator.
- Before starting work, be sure to study the structure and principle of operation of the edging machine, and the location of the controls.
- Before turning on the device, you must ensure the integrity of the power cables and protective mechanisms.
- Do not allow oil, water or other liquids to enter the work area.
- Keep your work area clean.
- The moving parts of the device must be lubricated using recommended materials.
- During operation, it is necessary to control the temperature of the pressure roller, to prevent overheating and burning of the adhesive composition.
- If difficulties arise during the operation of factory equipment, you should not try to fix them yourself; you should seek help from specialists.
Times are changing, technology is making life much easier for the home craftsman. Nowadays, making furniture yourself is easier than ever, you only need a few tools and equipment. Those who have a desire to try themselves as a furniture maker are unlikely to be able to do without this useful device. To begin with, you should make a simple device, try yourself in a new capacity, and then think about buying full-fledged factory equipment.
Recommendations for choosing hot melt adhesive.
If you have purchased an edge banding machine or an automatic line and you have a question about selecting a hot melt adhesive, contact our specialists and they will always help you choose a hot melt adhesive for your needs. In this case, you need to inform the parameters of the equipment, indicate the list of materials for use on this equipment and the desired result after processing. Our specialists will take part in commissioning work on the commissioning of new or used equipment and will certainly achieve positive results.
TOP 5 popular models
According to reviews from furniture manufacturers, the following models of edgebanding machines have proven themselves the most:
IMA Advantage 310
Edge banding machine for large furniture production with a throughput of up to 20 linear meters per minute. After processing the parts on the machine, the output can be a perfect finishing edge, quick adjustment for new glue, edge and thickness of the part.
Filato 91B
The best edge banding machine for small furniture production. Users note the ability to control using a pedal. The machine is durable and requires little maintenance. You can work with both PVC edges and veneer.
Ostermann 6TF
A machine with a touch screen, a quickly replaceable glue tank, an edge polishing unit, a jointing unit and other units designed to simplify and speed up the work of the master. The units are controlled using an inductive sensor.
Brandt Ambition
A series of machines in which the parameters of the device are determined by its serial number. The higher the number, the more opportunities the master will receive. Feed-through machines are used for finishing the ends of straight workpieces.
JET JEB-45CR
One of the advantages of the machine is a convenient and simple control system using a touch screen. The device can work with roll materials for edge processing. The bath for the adhesive solution has a non-stick Teflon coating.
Another undoubted advantage is the centralized lubrication system, thanks to which you can keep parts in working condition, even if the parts were not lubricated manually.
Choosing an edge bander can seem daunting at first. But with the right approach, you can get durable and reliable equipment that can improve production processes when making furniture on an industrial scale or in a small home workshop.
