Poly V-belt: dimensions according to GOST, characteristics

A poly V-belt is a rubber product that has several wedges inside. Depending on the load of the products in question, different wedge shapes were made. Due to this characteristic, this belt is called poly-V-ribbed. The word begins with poly, which means many in Greek. And the end of the word wedge implies its technical features - longitudinal wedge-shaped strips located along the entire length of the surface. In other words, a serpentine belt is a type of drive belt that has many wedges.

Now let’s start looking at the dimensions of poly V-belts: profile, length and width. First, let's look at rubber products manufactured according to the domestic document TU 2563-040-70453527-2004.

What does a serpentine belt mean?

Polycline (from English “ribbed belt”) is the same as rivulet. Installed to transmit rotation of the drive shaft to the driven shafts of the generator and power steering pump. The poly V-belt has grooves located longitudinally.

There are several types of belts for transmitting rotational motion: crankshaft - generator - pump - power steering pump.

Classification according to the method of energy transfer:

• friction transmission;
• gear transmission.

Classification by type of belts:

1. flat belts;
2. wedge:
   CVT;
3. ventilators;
4. multi-stranded;
5. poly V-belts;
6. traction belts;
7. toothed;
8. transportation (conveyor belts);
9. lingering;
10. round belts (passic).

Applicability of BELTS

ATTENTION: on this page we tried to collect as much information as possible about the applicability of various belts on equipment. Due to the wide range of belts, we recommend contacting the managers of our company for quick selection and consultation by calling 977-02-02.

Applicability of Finwhale drive belts to domestic car models:

Applicability of V-belts on garden equipment:

This table shows examples of the applicability of poly-V-ribbed drive belts of section RK:

V-belts for fans

Fan V-belts with molded teeth without side facings TU 2564-431-00149311-2006

Poly V-belts

BELTS made by HanseGermany:

Accepted notation scheme:

H – the first letter of the company name HANSE R – structure of HANSE numbers in the group of drive belts – V-belts and poly-V-belts. 6RK-698 – poly-wedge with 6 ribs, effective length 698 mm. AVX-10-875 – wedge, width 10 mm, effective length 875 mm. Z – structure of HANSE numbers in the group drive belts – timing belts.

Characteristics of poly V-belt:

• high efficiency, about 98%;
• used in high-speed, highly loaded units;
• Poly V-belts (PR) operate with minimal noise than conventional belts;
• Wide range, can be used on shafts with small diameters, less than 20 mm.
• The wear threshold is high, long service life.

Thanks to its geometry and quality of materials, a poly V-belt or ridge belt transmits power with virtually no loss. Where such belts are installed, there must be tensioners.

Poly V-belts

List of technical documentation: TU 2563-040-70453527-2004 (K, L, M); TU 2563-027-00152106-01 (RK).

Application of poly V-belts:

• Appliances;
• Automotive industry;
• agricultural equipment;
• industrial equipment.

Conditions for using poly V-belts:

• for power transmission: up to 120 kW;
• permissible linear speed: up to 60 m/s;
• ambient temperature: -30°С ÷ +60°С.

Examples of designations : poly V-belt 10K-1250, where 10 is the number of ribs of the poly V-belt, K is the section of the poly V-belt, 1250 is the length in mm (calculated for sections K, L, M and effective for section RK).

Table No. 1. Dimensions of sections of poly V- , mm

Table No. 2. Lengths of poly V-belts, mm

* – poly V-belts are manufactured to order in an agreed batch size.

Note:

At the Customer's request, poly V-belts can be manufactured in any non-standard length within the specified length range.

Table No. 3. Poly V-belts are widely used in the automotive industry, household appliances, industrial and agricultural equipment.

Structure of a poly V-belt:

1. Bearing layer. This layer is made of durable composite material threads. The threads are distributed evenly around the perimeter of the product. They are both durable and capable of slightly extending. Attached securely to the base layer. At large stretches, belts with such threads evenly distribute the load over the entire belt area, which promotes smooth energy transfer.
2. Coating. This layer must be flexible and have a long service life. This coating reliably protects the supporting layer.
3. The basis. The base consists of rows of parallel V-shaped grooves. Such teeth create good adhesion to the shaft pulley. The base layer is made of a durable material, such as polychloroprene elastomer, covered with transversely reinforcing fibers.

Brook belt

It is noteworthy that the poly V-belt has another, slightly less common name.
Due to its appearance, namely due to the presence of many straight stripes-wedges and grooves-grooves between them, reminiscent of rivulets, this drive belt began to be called rivulet. Actually, the number of such streams varies depending on how much power the product must transmit: the more wedges a poly V-belt has, the more reliable its adhesion to the pulleys. Consequently, the load is distributed most evenly over the entire length, and this allows you to extend the service life. The minimum number of wedges that a ripple belt can have is only 3 pieces. However, such products are used extremely rarely, since their transmitting power is low. Basically, in the drives of various mechanisms, for example, passenger cars, poly V-belts are installed, in which the number of strands starts from 4 and reaches 7. In more powerful and heavier types of machines, as a rule, rivet belts are installed, having from 8 to 10 wedges. For trucks and other heavy equipment, the number of these streams can reach almost any value that is necessary.

For example, there are products consisting of 12 wedges, as well as 16 wedges and even 20 rivulets. Of course, the poly V-belt pulleys, like the drives themselves, will differ in width in each case, and the number of clutch strips in them will correspond to the number of rivulets. In addition, poly V-belts can be combined with several pulleys at once, since they are characterized by reverse bending during installation, and they are also capable of semi-cross transmission with non-parallel shafts. These properties are achieved due to their unique design, which also allows:

1. Transmit power up to 20 kW per edge
2. Operate at rotation speeds up to 60 meters per second
3. Operate at temperatures from -30°C to +80°C
4. Withstand exposure to many aggressive environments
5. Provide 98% efficiency

At the same time, ripple belts are resistant to vibration and also make virtually no noise when rotating. They maintain fairly high gear ratios and provide the least imbalance, since the gear mechanism for this type of product already has the smallest dimensions compared, for example, with conventional wedge products. The fact is that poly V-belt pulleys are smaller in width and have a lower mass of rotating elements. In addition, they are resistant to all weather conditions and wear. Due to these characteristics, they are used in a variety of industries:

• In cars and trucks
• In agricultural machinery and units
• In machines and equipment
• In household and special equipment
• In medical devices

V-ribbed belt profiles

Poly V-belts, like any other types of drive belts, have a fairly large size range. Their main parameters are length, width and height. Actually, the last two parameters form a special classification called a profile. The profiles of poly V-belts also differ in the shape of the wedges. In particular, profiles PH, PJ, PK, PL and PM imply a truncated trapezoidal profile. But the profiles of poly V-belts K, L, M imply a full type of profile with a sharp wedge shape. The height of the teeth, as well as the distance between them, that is, the pitch, will differ in each of these profiles:

Actually, the profiles of poly V-belts PH, PJ, PK, PL, RM are considered international, but K, L, M are already domestic. In Russia, the technical specifications are considered the manufacturing standard for ripple belts. However, they may differ depending on the specific manufacturer. For example, there are TU 38-105763-89, as well as TU 2563-040-70453527-2004. In Europe, poly-V-belts are produced according to the German standard DIN 7867 and the British ISO 9982. The profiles of the poly-V-belts themselves, the number of strands, as well as their length, are applied to a flat face to indicate a specific standard size. It looks like this:

Designation of imported poly V-belts using the example of belt 6 PJ 2000

Designation of domestic poly V-belts using the example of belt 8 M 7650

Both Russian and foreign profiles of poly-V-belts are equally good at transmitting torque between shafts in a wide variety of machines and mechanisms due to their high-quality adhesion to drive pulleys. These products are capable of operating in any climatic conditions and under the influence of fairly large mechanical loads, showing high resistance to wear. In addition, drive poly-V belts are inertia-free, that is, they do not slip both during startup and during stopping of any mechanism due to their unique design.

Where is the longitudinal groove belt used?

Ribbed or multi-ribbed belts have a wide range of applications:

• in units operating under high loads;
• in designs with high gear ratios;
• in structures with high angular velocities;
• in designs with small diameter belt shafts.

PRs are in demand in the automotive industry, tractor, machine tool, metallurgical, chemical, household, and nuclear energy industries.

Such a simple element in belt drives as a belt solves many issues. Thanks to the use of a high-quality rivulet-type belt, the following indicators are improved:

1. Reduced noise levels.
2. Increased turnaround time.

In order not to reduce the life of the alternator belt, you should monitor the operation of the alternator overrunning clutch.

Dimensions and geometry

V-ribbed belts for a car generator come in different sizes, depending on the equipment. Ribbed belts can also be installed in the design of air conditioners, gas distribution mechanisms (GRM), etc.

Belt size table according to GOST:

GOST dimensions of ribbed belts

Worn poly V-belt

No matter how high-quality the product is, when its service life expires, it is subject to significant mechanical wear. A worn-out part in the design of a car assembly can affect the quality and safety of movement and the operation of the engine.

For those who do not yet know that you can diagnose the main components of a car with your own hands, we have prepared material: How to diagnose a car using a laptop.

Therefore, it is recommended to periodically carry out diagnostics of belts:

1. Inspection of external condition. Visual inspection is the main way to detect mechanical damage. If thread delamination or cracks appear, it must be replaced as quickly as possible.
2. Inspect not only the belt, but also the pulleys. If there are chips on the pulleys, they create scuffs on the side surfaces of the belt, which leads to very rapid wear.
3. Inspect the pulleys for oil. Oil and other fuel and lubricant products should not be present on the surfaces of pulleys and belts.
4. In addition, it is necessary to regularly inspect the tension rollers. Make sure that the tension rollers hold the belt properly.
5. Check the belt tension level.

The belt and tension rollers should be checked every 15 thousand km. When replacing the belt, it is recommended to change the tension rollers as well.

When a heavily worn belt, not only a rivulet V-belt, but also other types, extraneous noise appears.

Car repair and maintenance professionals recommend changing the alternator belt at least every 50,000 km. The belt must be tensioned so that the deflection coefficient is no more than 0.5 cm. If it is impossible to tension so that the deflection is less than 0.5 cm, then the problem is in the rollers.

Important! Inspect the belt when purchasing to ensure there are no burrs or cracks. Even expensive belts need to be inspected. All types of goods have their own percentage of defects.

V-belts: types, markings and belt selection

09/05/2018 |
Reviews: 3 | 40704 V-belts are used in belt drives, and among all belts this type is the most popular. Unlike flat belts, their cross-section is trapezoidal or wedge-shaped.

Typically belts consist of:

1. Stretch layer (rubber layer);
2. Elastic layer (rubber);
3. Supporting layer (cord cord for belts of cord design);
4. Supporting layer (fabric frame for belts of cord fabric construction);
5. Compression layer (consists of rubber);
6. Wrapper.

Why are V-belts capable of transmitting greater loads than flat ones?

As in other belt drives, the torque from the drive V-pulley to the belt and from it to the driven pulley is carried out due to friction forces. But in a V-belt drive, the working surfaces are the side surfaces of the belt. In this case, the contact patch is much larger than in a flat belt.

This means more friction force and, therefore, more transmitted torque. To increase the contact patch it is not necessary to increase the diameter of the pulley. It makes more sense, from the point of view of the dimensions of the structure, to choose a pulley of small diameter, but with several belts. In this case they say multi-strand pulley.

Advantages of using V-belts

• Simplicity of design.
  A belt and two pulleys are simpler than a gear or chain drive, the parts of which are structurally more complex and require greater manufacturing precision. The simplicity of the design means it is cheap.
• Easy to care for.
  The belt drive does not require special care and lasts until the belt wears out.
• Silence.
  The belt is made of rubber or other similar materials that perfectly dampen any noise. In a chain one, the noise level will always be higher.
• Ability to withstand excessive loads without transmission failure.
  When the force on the pulley is higher than the calculated one, the V-belt or any other belt will simply slip. In a chain drive, overload will lead to breaking the chain or licking off the key; in a gear drive, it will lead to chipping of the teeth.
• Ability to transmit forces over significant distances.
  If you use a chain drive, the chain has significantly more weight compared to a belt drive, which will require additional drive power.

Types of belts

Standard profile V-belts:

Z/10, A/13, B/17, C/22, 25x, D/32, E40

Narrow V-belts:

SPZ, SPA, SPB, SPC, 3V/9N, 5V/15N, 8V/25N

V-belt length marking

L or La

This is the length along the outer (top) side.

Lw, Lp, Ld

The calculated (working) length of the belt (this is the length along the neutral line, that is, along the belt tension line - along the cord).

Li

Length along the inner (bottom) side.

How V-belts are marked

There are several types of V-belt markings:

• According to GOST 1284-89;
• According to the European standard DIN 2215;
• According to the international ISO standard;
• According to American RMA standard.

Designation of V-belts according to GOST 1284-89

Manufacturers in the CIS countries adhere to this marking. And also the Chinese, who supply their goods to this market. According to it, the designation of a V-belt indicates the profile and estimated length - Lp (Lw or Ld in Western catalogs)

. The estimated length is the length of the belt measured along the cord.

Designation example: Belt D(G) 2500 GOST 1284.1, where:

• D(G) – profile designation;
• 2500 – estimated belt length in mm.

In European markings, profiles are designated not by letters, but by numbers; the belt designation indicates the length along the inner edge - Li, since the length of the inner edge can be directly measured.

Designation example: Belt 25×2000, where:

• 25 – profile number;
• 2000 – internal belt length.

ISO marking is almost identical to GOST, only the profiles are designated in Latin letters. The estimated length is also indicated by the profile (cord) - Lp (Lw or Ld in Western catalogues).

Designation example: Belt SPZ 2000 Lw, where:

• SPZ – profile designation;
• 2000 – estimated belt length;
• Lw - length marking.

In the USA, letters are used to designate a profile. But the geometric dimensions of the profile are indicated in inches.

The length of the belt is measured, as in Europe - along the inner edge.

Designation example: Belt B 43, where:

• B - belt profile;
• 43 – internal belt length in inches.

Profile marking Width, mm Height, mmGOST ISO DIN RMA Wa Wp Wi TClassic beltsNarrow

The length of a domestic and Chinese-made belt must be measured along the cord (it is clearly visible on the side edges). Another way is to measure the internal or external length, and then find the working length from the manufacturer's catalogs.

The length of a European or American V-belt must be measured along the inner edge.

Measuring the geometric dimensions of the profile does not cause any difficulties. All measurements must be carried out with the belt in a free (not tensioned) state.

How to choose a V-belt

It is highly recommended to select a belt in strict accordance with the documentation for the equipment in which it is used. Belts from different manufacturers that have the same geometric dimensions may differ in strength characteristics.

If it is not possible to supply exactly the same belt, it is necessary, in accordance with the manufacturers’ catalogs, to select the closest analogue in size. In the case of an American belt, do not forget to convert its length and profile dimensions from inches to millimeters (for this you need to multiply by 25.4).

Types of wear on V-belts

We list the factors due to which the belt drive can fail, as well as the reasons for their occurrence:

1. Excessive stretching caused by:

• Inconsistency between the cross-sectional area of ​​the belt and the resulting loads;
• Poor quality belt;
• The belt length does not correspond to the required design length.

1. Increased wear caused by:

• Inconsistency between the area of ​​the side faces and the resulting loads;
• Mismatch between the belt profile and the pulley profile;
• Pulley misalignment;
• Jamming of pulleys.

With proper selection and operation of the belt drive, it will serve for years.

Alignment and tension of V-belts

When installing a belt drive, parameters such as alignment and tension of the V-belts are very important. Deviations from the design values ​​should not exceed tolerances according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Otherwise, increased wear of the belt will be observed, the service life is much shorter than that indicated in its passport.

When replacing a belt and during its operation, it is recommended to measure the tension and alignment of the pulleys using measuring tools.

V belt meters

V-belt manufacturers

There are many belt manufacturers, which can be divided into three categories:

• Premium:
  Optibelt, GATES, Contitech, BANDO, SKF;
• Standard:
  Rubena, STOMIL, Fenner TOP DRIVE;
• Economy:
  China and domestic manufacturers.

As with other components, we recommend installing original premium quality belts on critical components where downtime and stoppages are unacceptable.

We offer products in various price categories from European, Japanese, American and Chinese manufacturers. If necessary, our specialists will select the required transmission in a complex in accordance with the provided initial data.

Prices

Cost of poly V-belts:

• for AUDI cars - BOSCH belt - from 251 rubles;
• for Porsche cars - Contitech 3РК600 belt - from 255 rubles;
• for Ford cars - BOSCH belt - from 253 rubles;
• for Citroen - Skf belt - from 259 rubles;
• for Alfa Romeo - Bosch belt - from 250 rubles;
• for BMW - Skf - from 250 rubles;
• for Cadillac cars - Gates belt - from 825 rubles;
• for a Hummer car - Contitech belt - from RUB 2,701;
• for Jaguar - Dayco belt - from 305 rubles;

Then the list continues, approximately in the same price range - from 250 rubles for 2022. VAZ LADA, AUDI, BMW, Mercedes, cars from Korea or China, etc., do not require large investments to replace the belt. For Rolls-Royce, Bentley, Ferrari and other top world cars, accordingly, belts cannot be bought in ordinary car stores.

Equipment / Project - TURNING / Pulleys: theory, online calculator, practice. / Calculation of the length of the drive poly-V-belt. Online calculator.

In previous articles, we calculated and manufactured pulleys for a lathe. Next, we mounted the frame and electric motor on a new base.

Now it's time to select the drive belt. Even at the pulley design stage, we decided on the type of belt that will be used in our machine. This is a poly-V-belt with a “RK” section. Accordingly, after we receive the calculated value of the belt length, we will be able to select the closest nominal value to the calculated value from the table of standard sizes.

So, let's start measuring the center distance between the engine shafts and the headstock. It was 241 millimeters.

Now you can start calculating the length of the drive belt. The formula for calculating the length is given below:

where a is the center distance, D1 and D2 are the diameters of the pulleys.

For example, our calculation. Let's start with the initial data. The diameter of the electric motor pulley is 60 millimeters, the diameter of the driven shaft pulley (headstock shaft) is 97 millimeters, and we know the center distance, it is 241 millimeters. We substitute our values ​​into the formula and get a belt length of 730 millimeters.

L = 2×241 + (3.14/2) x (60 + 97) + ((97 – 60)/4×241) = 730.04 mm

For the convenience of carrying out calculations, we suggest using an online calculator; the formula for calculating the length of the belt is included in it, so all that remains is to enter the initial data and click the “Calculate” button.

How to use a calculator. All parameters that we enter must be in millimeters. In fields D1 and D2 we enter the diameters of our pulleys. These are 60 and 97 millimeters, respectively. Next, enter the value of the center distance, this is 241 millimeters. Now click the “Calculate” button. After this, the estimated belt length is displayed in the field below and we obtain the desired value.

Next, from the table of standard sizes, in accordance with the section of the belt, we will select the closest nominal length. In our case, the belt section is “RK”, the calculated length is 730 millimeters. It turns out that this is the nominal size - 730 millimeters. But we will need a reserve to put on the belt, so we may have to buy the next standard size, which is 755 millimeters.

At an auto parts store we purchased a belt manufactured by OJSC BRT 6K-742-02. Its length is 742 millimeters. It goes to the generator of the VAZ ten. So, as practice shows, today you can buy a belt of even intermediate sizes.

We intentionally purchased a six-strand belt. Since we plan to make two or three rivulet belts from one belt. We will cut the belt with a linoleum knife. To cut the belt efficiently, we will use a large cylinder. We turn the belt inside out, put it on the cylinder and run it along the middle stream with a knife.

As a result, it turns out that the cost of the belt is less than one hundred rubles per piece.

After the work was done, the idea arose to make a reverse calculator. For example, there is an electric motor with a pulley and there is a response mechanism also with a pulley; we know their diameters. There is a belt or even a couple. It is necessary to find what the center distance will be if one or another drive belt is used. The inverse formula for calculating the center distance is as follows:

Also, as in the previous case, to make arithmetic operations easier, we suggest using an online calculator.

How to use a calculator. All parameters that we enter must also be in millimeters. In fields D1 and D2 we enter the diameters of our pulleys. For example, these are 60 and 97 millimeters, respectively. Next, enter the value “L” - the length of the belt that we have in stock, our value is 742 millimeters. Or the length of the belt that we are planning to purchase. Now click the “Calculate” button. After this, in the field below we obtain the desired value of the center distance equal to xxx millimeters.

Online calculators for all occasions, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with:

Calculation of the diameters of belt drive pulleys. Online calculator,

Calculation of the amount of oil for gasoline,

Calculation of oil for the fuel mixture - container without volume marking,

Calculation of ammeter shunt resistance,

Online calculator - Ohm's law (current, voltage, resistance) + Power,

Calculation of a transformer with a toroidal magnetic core,

Calculation of a transformer with an armored magnetic core.