Technical characteristics of the horizontal milling machine 6р18

Equipment operating conditions

Devices of models of horizontal milling machines 6Р81Г, 6Р81 are currently not produced by manufacturers.
Instead, more modernized models are being created. Each of the modern units is equipped with an electronic control unit. This allows you to reduce the human factor, which consists of defects in the manufacture of parts, and increase the accuracy class. However, these devices can still be seen in use for individual purposes. An internship of two months allows a person to quickly learn how to operate the unit.

The lubrication system in this unit must always function normally. If for some reason it stops flowing into the special outlet for this, it is recommended to disconnect the unit from the power supply. And check the pumps and feed mechanisms. The machine has two centralized oil supply systems. The first is in the spindle drive, the second is in the feed mechanism.

If the feed on the milling machine suddenly does not turn on, first of all check the presence of oil in the gearbox. In the second case, the blocking may work. The feed may not work if the motor is not rotated correctly.

Repair of milling machine 6Р81

Oil filters should also be cleaned periodically. This will allow the machine to function without complaints for many years.

Timely preventative maintenance will allow you to use this device for a long time without the need for repairs.

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Technical specifications for the console and frame

The feed to the cutting surface is carried out by mechanisms located in the console.

The 6р81 milling machine has a gear that engages with the cantilever wheel, thanks to which a continuous feed mode is provided during possible table movement.

• Reversible box. The reverse box has a locking mechanism that stops the flow of material at the right time.
• Table cross screw.
• The location of the cutter (gear).
• Main gearbox.
• Speed ​​box. Gear box.

Nodes located on the frame:

• Lubrication system;
• plunger pump.

Plunger pump design

A low-capacity pump can be installed on a milling device of this type. When using a horizontal table at home, car pumps are used.

Due to the adjacent arrangement of all components and assemblies, the milling machine performs milling according to all general schemes provided for in a particular production.

Electrical diagram of milling machine 6Р81

Electrical diagram of horizontal milling machine 6р81

Electrical equipment of milling machines of the Gorky Machine Tool Plant, GZFS

Electrical equipment of milling machines 6T12, 6T13, 6T82, 6T82G, 6T82Sh, 6T83, 6T83G, 6T83Sh

Electrical equipment of milling machines
6P12, 6P13, 6Р82, 6Р82Г, 6Р82Ш, 6Р83, 6Р83Г, 6Р83Ш, 6Р12Б, 6Р13Б
Electrical equipment of milling machines 6М12П, 6М12ПБ, 6М13П, 6М13ПБ, 6М82, 6M82Sh, 6M82GB, 6M83, 6M83Sh

Electrical equipment of milling machines of the Vilnius Zalgiris Machine Tool Plant

Electrical equipment of milling machines 6T10, 6T80, 6T80G, 6T80Sh

Electrical equipment of milling machines 6Р10, 6Р80, 6Р80Г, 6Р80Ш

Electrical equipment of milling machines 6N10, 6N80, 6N80G, 6N80Sh

Electrical equipment of milling machines of the Dmitrov Machine Tool Plant, DZFS

Electrical equipment of milling machines 6Р11, 6Р81, 6Р81Г, 6Р81Ш

Electrical equipment of milling machines 6N11, 6N81, 6N81G, 6N81A

Desk dimensions

There are several types of milling machines of this brand. One of these types is the 6P81 cantilever horizontal milling machine. According to its passport, the dimensions of its working area are as follows:

• Table size – 1000×250.
• The axis travel is 710 millimeters.
• Perpendicular movement has the following value - 2 =50.
• The spindle trunk is 142 millimeters.
• Processing clarity according to class N.
• The vertical feed during operation is two hundred and sixty-seven millimeters, and the horizontal feed is eight hundred.
• Friction parameters are equal to V4, V5.

Using this equipment you can cut products made of hard alloys. And the cooling elements of the machine will allow its cutting heads to last a long service life.

Download the passport (operating instructions) of the 6P81 cantilever milling machine

Models, descriptions, characteristics and types of machines

There is a wide variety of models and types of machines; in this catalog we will try to collect the most popular of them, both on the domestic market and abroad, and write the most complete, detailed characteristics and descriptions of the machines. Add as much technical information as possible, as well as technical documentation for these machines. If you have interesting descriptions of machines or passports for them and you want to share them with everyone, send the material by email, it will definitely appear on the pages of the portal.

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Design features

Let's look at the features in more detail.

Location and purpose of components

Cast frame 1 combines the remaining components. It is divided into two cavities: the upper one, partially filled with oil, with gearbox 7, spindle drive 5, and the base, where the cooling system is located. The slider 24 with the lug 3 moves along horizontal guides made on top of the frame. On the left are the gear shift mechanism 8 and the electrical cabinet 19.

The console 13 rests on a vertical screw attached through a glass to the base and on the frame guides. It moves along them manually, mechanically at working or accelerated feed. Gearbox housings 10, feed boxes 9, bolted together into a single unit, are installed inside the console. The mating wheels 47, 49 (see Fig. 5.) connect the gearbox to the reverse box 11.

The rotation transmitted by the gearbox is distributed by the reverse box through the safety clutch to the screws of the longitudinal and transverse stroke of the table 14; vertical – console.

Rice. 3. Location of main components

Location of controls

Steering wheels, handles, switches, control buttons are grouped by purpose and placed at a convenient height near the controlled mechanisms. Station 18 combines buttons: spindle start, feed; general stop. Nearby are the handles for switching the search 2 and speeds 4. When setting up, the trunk is moved by rotating the square 1. Mounted on the electrical cabinet door are: the “spindle push” button 5, the cooling pump switch 6, the rotation reverse switch 7. The input circuit breaker 8 is installed on the side wall.

Mechanical longitudinal, transverse, and vertical feeds are activated by handles 10, 12, 13, respectively. The mechanics of selecting the feeds is activated by the lever 17. The feeds are switched by a fixed handle 16. Manual longitudinal and transverse movements are made by rotating the flywheels 22, 14, respectively. To raise and lower the console with the table, use a removable curved handle 15. Accelerated movement in any direction turns on the lever 21.

Screws 11 secure the slide against rotation. Levers 24, 25 secure the table against longitudinal and transverse movements (the console clamp is not shown). The slider is immobilized by square 19. Stops 3 disable table lifting, stops 9 – transverse movement (similar longitudinal ones 23). Local lighting is switched with toggle switch 20, the manual lubricating pump is pumped with handle 26.

Fig.4. Controls

Location of controls for the milling machine model 6R81G

Location of controls for milling machine 6р81г

List of controls for the 6Р81G machine and their purpose

1. Circuit breaker
2. Cooling pump switch
3. Spindle rotation direction switch
4. Spindle start button
5. Feed Start Button
6. "General stop" button
7. Spindle Jog button
8. Spindle speed shift knob
9. Spindle shift knob
10. Table feed switch handle
11. Feedbox shift knob
12. Mechanical vertical feed activation handle
13. Mechanical cross feed switch handle
14. Mechanical longitudinal feed switch handle
15. Flywheel for manual longitudinal movement of the table
16. Handle for manual vertical movement of the table
17. Handwheel for manual lateral movement of the table
18. Rapid feed switch in all directions
19. Handle for securing the table against vertical movement
20. Handle for securing the table against longitudinal movement
21. Handle for securing the table against lateral movement
22. Stops for turning off the longitudinal mechanical movement of the table
23. Stops for switching off the transverse movement of the table
24. Stops for switching off the vertical movement of the table
25. Manual lubrication pump drive handle
26. Local lighting switch
27. Trunk movement square
28. Square for securing the trunk
29. Screws and nuts for securing the upper slide against rotation (for machine 6P81)
30. Earring fastening nut
31. Handwheel for moving the quill
32. Quill clamp handle
33. Square head rotation
34. Speed ​​shift handle for the rotary spindle of the slider
35. Rotary spindle rotation direction switch
36. Switch for selecting spindle operation (horizontal, rotary or both)
37. Handwheel for switching on and regulating the supply of coolant

Repair cost

• Depending on the degree of damage, general condition, size, weight, year of manufacture, the cost varies. The minimum cost is 7,000 rubles, the average is around 30,000 rubles (for most machines from the 80s, for this amount you can completely update part of the equipment.
• A separate type of repair is surface restoration. Corrosion and oxidation processes do not relate to mechanism failures, but directly affect the performance of the process, since corrosion will sooner or later spread to the entire surface of the machine and disrupt its integrity, and the contact of materials with the table forms an oxide film, which impairs the adhesion and quality of the final product. Materials experts typically charge between $40 and $200 per job.
• Network switching is also a special column in repair costs. When replacing an engine with an imported one, a drop in the entire network may occur, since American electronic devices are designed for a different voltage. When replacing one machine in the workshop, you need to make sure that it is correctly connected to the general network by measuring the input and output voltage and running the installation in test mode, and then connecting all the others. The work of an electrical installation team can cost $80-300, depending on the number of machines in the workshop and the area of ​​the enterprise.

It’s better to play it safe and perform a full range of diagnostic work, because it will be a shame if rust or a power outage renders the newly purchased equipment unusable.

6N81A Widely universal cantilever milling machine. Purpose and scope

The widely-universal cantilever milling machine 6N81A with a rotating milling head is designed for processing small products made of steel, cast iron, non-ferrous metals and plastics with cylindrical, end, disk, angular and special cutters.

Operating principle and design features of the machine

The spindle of the 6N81A machine can be rotated in a vertical plane by 115° and occupy horizontal, vertical and inclined positions.

If there is a dividing head on the 6N81A machine, it is possible to process gears with straight and spiral teeth, spiral drills, and similar products.

The main dimensions of the machine correspond to GOST 165-49, accuracy standards correspond to GOST 154-41, GOST-155-41.

The 6N81A machine consists of the following components:

1. Bed;
2. Crawler;
3. Gearbox;
4. Gearbox;
5. Reverse box;
6. Feed switching mechanism;
7. Console;
8. Table;
9. Cooling;
10. Lubrication;
11. Electrical equipment;
12. Accessories.

The most famous series of cantilever milling machines produced by DZFS:

• series 6N: vertical - 6N11; horizontal - 6N81, 6N81G, 6N81A
• series 6P: vertical - 6P11; horizontal - 6Р81; 6Р81Г; wide-universal - 6Р81Ш
• 6T series: vertical - 6T11, 6T12
• series 6K: vertical - 6K11
  ,
  6K12
  , wide-universal - 6K81SH, 6K82SH
• 6M series: widely universal with autocycles - 6M82SH
• series 6D: vertical - 6D12
  , horizontal - 6D81, 6D82; wide-universal - 6D81Sh, 6D82Sh
• series 6DM: vertical with CNC 6DM13FZ, with autocycles - 6DM83Sh, with CNC - 6DM83ShF2

Cantilever milling machines. General information

Horizontal cantilever milling machines have a horizontally located spindle that does not change its location. The table can move perpendicular to the spindle axis in the horizontal and vertical directions and along an axis parallel to it. Universal cantilever milling machines differ from horizontal ones in that they have a table that can rotate to the required angle.

Vertical cantilever milling machines have a vertically located spindle that moves vertically and, in some models, rotates. The table can move horizontally perpendicular to the spindle axis and vertically.

Widely universal cantilever milling machines, unlike universal ones, have, in addition to the main horizontal spindle, an overhead rotary head with a spindle that rotates around the vertical and horizontal axes.

Consoleless milling machines have a spindle located vertically and moving in this direction. The table moves only in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

Horizontal and vertical cantilever milling machines are the most common type of machines used for milling work. Cantilever milling machines get their name from the cantilever bracket (console), which moves along the vertical guides of the machine bed and serves as a support for the horizontal movements of the table.

The standard sizes of cantilever milling machines are usually characterized by the size of the working (mounting) surface of the table. Cantilever milling machines can have a horizontal, universal (wide-universal) and vertical design with the same size of the working surface of the table. The combination of different versions of the machine with the same basic dimensional characteristics of the table is called the dimensional range of machines.

In the USSR, the production of cantilever milling machines of five standard sizes was mastered: No. 0; No. 1; No. 2; No. 3 and No. 4, and a full range of machines was produced for each size - horizontal, universal and vertical. Each machine of the same size range had the same designation in the code, corresponding to the size of the working surface of the table.

Depending on the size of the working surface of the table, the following sizes of cantilever milling machines are distinguished:

In accordance with the size of the table, the overall dimensions of the machine itself and its main components (bed, table, slide, console, trunk), the power of the electric motor and the magnitude of the greatest movement (stroke) of the table in the longitudinal direction, the slide in the transverse direction and the console in the vertical direction change.

Areas of use of a cantilever milling machine

The 6P81 equipment can be used to process parts made of steel, cast iron, and non-ferrous metals. The equipment uses face, disk, cylindrical, corner and special cutters. Due to its design features and maximum versatility, the unit is used in small industries.

Main areas of application:

• mining metallurgy;
• heavy industry;
• production of general goods;
• private manufacturing sector.

The ability to process any metal at any angle allows you to process a part using one machine, which significantly saves production costs.

Setting up and setting up the machine 6р81г. Cutting modes

Cutting modes on machine tools are assigned according to technological reference books. In this case, it is necessary to take into account:

• working at high-speed modes with tools equipped with carbide is more profitable than milling at normal modes with tools made of high-speed steel. At the same time, in addition to higher productivity, the mechanisms and table guides wear out less;
• The machines are not designed to use the full power of the spindle motor at spindle speeds up to 100 rpm. It is permissible at a frequency of 50..100 rpm to load the electric motor no more than 3 kW;
• You should not work on the machine in the event of vibration, strong, unusual noise from the drives and similar phenomena of abnormal operation of the machines. These phenomena indicate an unsuccessful choice of mode for these specific conditions.

It is necessary to change the cutting mode (feed per tooth) or the tool (use a cutter with an uneven tooth pitch).

Setting the required spindle speed on the machines is done by turning handles 101 (see Fig. 3-5) until the desired scale number aligns with the pointer on the cover. Then the handle 102 sets the high (315..1600 rpm) or low (50..250 rpm) range of rotation speeds.

The rotation speed of the rotary spindle of the 6Р81Ш machine is set using three handles 127, which have the following purpose:

• handle B in two positions includes one of two spindle speed ranges: 45..250 or 355..2000 rpm;
• handle A is connected to the scale in two positions and sets the desired scale number in sector D (but not always under arrow D);
• handle B is connected to arrow D in three positions and shows the desired number in sector D.

When working with handles, you should always bring them to a fixed position.

ATTENTION!

To avoid erroneously turning on emergency cutting modes for the machine and tool, be especially careful when installing handles 102 and 127-B, because they change the spindle speed by 6.3 and 8 times, respectively.

Setting the required feed amount is achieved by rotating the handles 103 until they align with the indicator of the required scale number. Handle 104 sets one of two rows of table working feed: 35..170 mm/min or 210..1020 mm/min.

ATTENTION!

Be careful when installing handle 104, as its erroneous inclusion sharply changes the value of the working feed.

Installing the tool on the machine

Cylindrical cutters are installed in a well-known manner on mandrels supported by one or two supports (earrings). It should be taken into account that for normal milling and high surface quality it is necessary to ensure:

• sufficient rigidity of the mandrel, so try to reduce the distance from the end of the spindle to the cutter and to the shackle as much as possible;
• the accuracy of tool rotation is the smallest runout of its teeth. For this, in addition to the correct sharpening of the cutters, the straightness of the mandrels, the accuracy and cleanliness of the ends of the spacer rings are very important. Store the mandrels carefully.
• Face milling cutters are fixed in spindles using mandrels with drivers, which fit into the spindle keys with grooves, and guide the cutter with protrusions. It is also possible to mount large diameter cutters.

Processing of spiral surfaces using a dividing head

The smoothness of the feed when milling spiral surfaces is directly dependent on the number of revolutions of the lead screw per revolution of the product: the larger it is, the smoother the cutting and vice versa. Based on this, it is recommended not to exceed the following values ​​of the spiral inclination angle:

• with product diameter 6..10 mm…….10°
• with a product diameter of 10..15 mm…….25°
• with a product diameter of 15..150 mm….45°.

Cooling of cutters during cutting (Fig. 27) Cooling is applied only to cutters made of high-speed steel and when processing steel. The coolant is supplied from a reservoir at the base of the machines by an electric pump, which, together with the pipeline, is located in a niche at the back of the frame under the cover. The outer part of the pipeline is equipped with a metal tip with a nozzle and a valve for regulating the fluid flow.

The used liquid is returned to the base reservoir, passing through settling tanks that retain metal particles.

The tank should be flushed and settling tanks emptied as needed.

Kinematic diagram of the horizontal milling machine 6R81G

Kinematic diagram of horizontal milling machine 6р81г

Spindle drive of machine 6R81G

Spindle drive and gearbox of milling machine 6р81г

Rotation of the spindle is transmitted from the gearbox by a V-belt transmission, which is located in the rear cavity of the frame under the cover. From a pulley coaxial with the spindle, rotation is imparted to the latter either by direct connection with a cam clutch or through two gears 16-18 and 19-17 (Fig. 9)

The spindle is supported by rolling bearings: two angular contact bearings in front and one ball bearing in the rear support.

Adjusting the clearance in the front support bearings is only possible with complete disassembly of the spindle - section “Adjusting machines”).

Gearbox of machine 6R81G

The gearbox with an electric motor on the housing is attached to the frame with a flange. Its body then enters the cavity of the frame, filled with lubricating oil. A plunger lubrication pump driven by an eccentric is installed on the housing. To access the pump, there is a window with a cover on the right side of the frame.

The gearbox is switched from cam 129 (see Fig. 6) with curved grooves at the ends. The cam shaft is connected by a coupling to the shaft of the scale and shift handles 101, located outside the frame. The coupling is freely removed from the cam shaft when the shift cover is released from the frame.

When disassembling the gearbox, the position of the cam and the position of the speed dial should be noted to restore their correct relationship during reassembly.

Gearbox. Gearbox of machine 6R81G

Feed box and gearbox of milling machine 6р81г

The feedbox and gearbox housings are connected with screws into a single unit, after which they are installed in the console cavity on the left. On the right of the console, through a window with a lid, protrudes a gear shaft with a handle that turns on the high-speed clutch.

The output gear of the gearbox 47 (Fig. 10,11) engages with the gear 49 of the reverse box.

Switching of sliding gears in the feed box is carried out in the same way as in the gear box with cam 130 (see Fig. 6).

Its shaft is engaged with the scale and shift handle 103 (see Fig. 6) of unit 55 (see Fig. 11) mounted in front of the console.

Assembly 55 is freely removable after removing the mounting screws. You should not forget to note the relationship between the feed scale and the position of the cam in the box during disassembly, so that you can then correctly assemble the switch.

Machine reverse box 6R81G

Reverse box for milling machine 6р81г

The reverse box mechanism receives rotation from the gearbox and, through a safety clutch, transmits rotation to the lead screws for the longitudinal, transverse and vertical movements of the table. Turning on the rotation of one or another lead screw, in the forward and reverse directions, is carried out by cam clutches using handles 105, 106, 107 (see Fig. 6 and II).

For manual movements of the table, handle 109 and handwheel 110 are used, which are mounted freely on the shafts, and at the time of use are engaged with the shafts using claw couplings.

The reverse box is equipped with a lock that prevents the mechanical feed from being turned on if handle 109 and handwheel 110 are not disengaged from the shafts.

The locking is ensured by balls inserted into the radial holes of the shafts under the hubs of the handle 109 and the handwheel 110.

When removing the latter, the balls may fall out; it is necessary to install them in place during assembly.

When installing the reverse box in the console, the following elements should be connected:

1. insert the end of the shaft XIX (see Fig. 6) with a key into the hole with a bevel gear 58;
2. engage gears 57 and 49 with wheels 61 and 47;
3. Screw screw ХVIII into nut 55 of transverse movement.

Console of machine 6R81G

Console of milling machine 6р81г

The console houses the feed mechanism components described above.

The table transverse movement screw has supports in the reverse box and comes out of the console through a hole.

Directly, bevel gears and a screw for vertical movement of the table are installed in the holes of the console body.

The movement to the screw of the longitudinal movement of the table is communicated from the gear wheel 57 (see Fig. 6) of the reverse box through the shaft XXI (see Fig. 6 and 12) and the parasitic gear 63. The XXI shaft is mounted in a sleeve installed in the hole of the console housing.

Gear wheel 63 is placed in the window of a special plug, seated in a hole on top of the console so that the teeth protrude above the surface of the guides.

Machine table 6R81G

Milling machine table 6р81г

At the bottom of the table slide there is a gear wheel 64 (see Fig. 6 and 13), coupled with a gear wheel of the console 63. Due to the large length of the gear wheel 64, engagement is maintained throughout the entire transverse movement of the table and rotation is transmitted to the longitudinal screw of the table.

The rotation of the longitudinal movement screw is carried out by bevel gears 70 and 71 with cams at the ends. Between the bevel wheels there is a bushing with a key inside and a dog clutch 143 outside. The cam clutch is turned on in one direction or another by handle 107, which ensures the movement of the table to the right and left.

The nut of the table longitudinal movement screw is equipped with an automatic clearance device. The nut consists of two parts, supported by shoulders (through ball bearings) on the ends of the bracket supporting them.

On the outer cylindrical surface of both half-nuts there are cut teeth that engage with racks 145.

The racks, in turn, are connected to each other by a gear 75 and are limited in their movement in the direction from the frame by screws. These screws with locknuts are visible from the front of the slide.

During climb milling, the feed force on the screw is directed in the direction opposite to the movement of the table. It causes friction in the turns of the nut, which is pressed against the bracket. Due to the friction force, the nut rotates together with the screw through a certain angle. Thanks to their connection by the rack and pinion system, the same turn is made by the second half-nut, but in the opposite direction.

Thus, both half-nuts are screwed onto the screw and, resting their shoulders against the thrust bearings, they seem to stretch the screw, and the gap in the turns is selected at this time. When milling against feed, the direction of force on the thread does not cause the effect described above and the gap in the threads remains.

Technical characteristics of the machine 6R81G

Bibliography:

Cantilever milling machines 6Р81Г, 6Р81, 6Р11, 6Р81Ш. Operation manual RE, 1983

Avrutin S.V. Fundamentals of Milling, 1962

Avrutin S.V. Milling, 1963

Acherkan N.S. Metal-cutting machines, Volume 1, 1965

Barbashov F.A. Milling business 1973, p.141

Barbashov F.A. Milling work (Vocational education), 1986

Blumberg V.A. Milling machine handbook, 1984

Grigoriev S.P. Practice of coordinate boring and milling work, 1980

Kopylov R.B. Working on milling machines, 1971

Kosovsky V.L. Handbook of a young milling operator, 1992, p. 180

Kuvshinsky V.V. Milling, 1977

Nichkov A.G. Milling machines (Machinist's Library), 1977

Pikus M.Yu. A mechanic's guide to repairing metal-cutting machines, 1987

Plotitsyn V.G. Calculations of settings and adjustments of milling machines, 1969

Plotitsyn V.G. Setting up milling machines, 1975

Ryabov S.A. Modern milling machines and their equipment, 2006

Skhirtladze A.G., Novikov V.Yu. Technological equipment for machine-building industries, 1980

Tepinkichiev V.K. Metal cutting machines, 1973

Chernov N.N. Metal cutting machines, 1988

Frenkel S.Sh. Handbook of a young milling operator (3rd ed.) (Vocational education), 1978

Related Links. Additional Information

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Technical indicators

Let's analyze each indicator separately.

Accuracy, table characteristics

Machine of normal accuracy class according to GOST 8-71. It is a universal modification (has a table rotation) of a horizontal milling machine. Overhaul cycle 26,000 hours.

Table length / width – 1000 / 250 mm has maximum movements, mm:

• longitudinal – 630;
• transverse – 200;
• vertical – 320.

Rotation range around the vertical axis: ± 45˚.

Mechanics of table movement drive

From an asynchronous electric motor (4АХ80В4; 1.5 kW; 1450 rpm), 16 stages of working movements along each axis are realized through the feed box, the denominator of the series φ = 1.26 modified.

Feed working/accelerated, mm/min:

• longitudinal – 35…1020 / 2900;
• transverse – 28…790 / 2900;
• vertical – 14…390 / 1150.

Movement per turn of the dial full / one division, mm:

• longitudinal – 6 / 0.05;
• transverse – 6 / 0.05;
• vertical – 3 / 0.025.

Main drive mechanics, spindle

The box provides 16 speeds from 50 to 1600 rpm, φ = 1.26. At minimum speed, efficiency η = 0.84; the lowest efficiency at 1600 rpm is 63%. The power of the main electric motor is 5.5 kW (4A112M4; 1450 rpm).

The end of the spindle is made with an internal taper of 7:24, seat cone 45 GOST 836-72 (replaced by 24644-81), dimensions correspond to the ISO analogue. There is a 19M6 groove at the end, through which the torque is transmitted to the mandrel tenon. Tools are fastened manually using a tightening rod (screw).

Fig.1. Table grooves (a), spindle mounting dimensions (b)

Restrictions

Based on the strength of the spindle drive mechanisms, for the frequency range 63 – 100 rpm, the cutting power is no more than 3 kW. Limit values ​​corresponding to other speeds are indicated in the operating instructions.

Allowable cutter diameter, mm:

• end cutting for rough cutting of steel – 125;
• cylindrical when cutting cast iron – 100.

When finishing, it is possible to use Ø 160 socket heads. In all cases, the feed force should not lead to the activation of the safety clutch and exceed the permissible values, kgf: 1150 / 1000 / 850 - longitudinal / transverse / vertical, respectively.

Weight and dimensions

Dimensions at table position: length / width / height, mm:

• central – 1480 / 1990 / 1630;
• in extreme positions – 2130 / 1990 / 1630;
• rotated by ±45 – 2284 / 1990 / 1630.

The equipment belongs to the middle class by weight, weight – 2210 kg. In medium conditions, a concrete screed thickness of at least 150 mm can be installed directly on the floor without fastening.

Electric scheme

Starting engines

Power supply from the network to the spindle motor M2 is carried out by switching the circuit breaker B1. By closing the reverse - B4, the direction of rotation is selected. The cooling pump motor M1 is prepared by turning on B3 and starts together with M2.

Motors: M2, M3 (feed) are started by buttons KnP1, KnP2 using magnetic starters P1, P2, P8 sequentially one after another. M3 cannot be turned on when M2 is not working.

The KnT button (“spindle push”) implements a short jog start M2, which ensures switching of rotation speed steps when the teeth mismatch. By closing by pressing KnT, P1, P8 are energized, which with normally open contacts (8-9) trigger the PB relay. Next, the RV turns off these starters by switching its own normally closed contact (10-11), so the duration of operation of the M2 motor is not related to the time the KnT is held pressed.

Stopping, braking, protection

“General stop” is carried out using the KnS button or by pressing switch B5. When the power supply to M2 is interrupted, the main drive is braked by turning on the electromagnetic clutch EM. Direct current (-24V) comes to the EM coil from the VP rectifier. The duration of power supply is set by the PB settings.

Magnetic starters provide zero protection for electric motors. The event of a short circuit causes automatic opening of switch B1, blowing of fuses Pr1, Pr2, thereby preventing damage to electrical equipment. During prolonged operation at the power limit, overheating of the electric motors limits the operation of thermal relays P3-P5.

Fig.6. Basic electrical diagram.

Review of the 6Р82 machine: design, specifics, technical characteristics

The machine model 6Р82 with a horizontal spindle belongs to the category of cantilever milling equipment. The Gorky Milling Machine Plant specializes in the production of such units. They are designed for milling workpieces and parts of various shapes made of ferrous, non-ferrous metal or cast iron.

Design and its specifics

The 6P82 cantilever milling machine has a standard layout. The horizontally located spindle of the equipment has a rigid fixation. The position of the part changes due to the displacement of the table in different planes.

Material processing can be performed with disc, shaped, cylindrical and end mills of various configurations. The design of the 6P82 universal horizontal milling machine provides the ability to operate in both manual, semi-automatic and automatic modes. Thanks to this, the equipment is used to complete serial and piece production.

Technical features include the following characteristics:

• wide range of table feed values ​​in almost all directions;
• automatic supply of lubricating fluid to critical moving parts of the unit;
• high-speed magnetic couplings increase productivity;
• the ability to move the desktop simultaneously in several coordinates;
• The package includes a DC electric motor that drives the feed;
• modernization opportunities. An electronic program control unit can be installed in the standard design of the machine.

It is also worth noting the duplication of the control system. It consists of installing buttons on the front of the machine and on the side.

To quickly change the position of the workpiece or cutting tool, a direct current quick stop mechanism is provided.

Machine Specifications

According to the accepted classification, the 6P82 horizontal milling machine is assigned accuracy class “H”. Its dimensions in working condition are 230.5*195*167 cm. At the same time, the weight of the structure is 2900 kg. The maximum load on the work table should not exceed 250 kg at the center.

The surface size of the work table is 125*32 cm. To fix the workpiece, it has 3 T-shaped grooves. Characteristics of moving the desktop, see:

• transverse – 24/25;
• longitudinal – 80/80;
• vertical – 36/37.

Thanks to the versatility of the design, the table can be rotated 45°.

The horizontal spindle of the 6P82 machine has standard characteristics for this type of equipment:

• rotation speed variability - from 31.5 to 1600 rpm;
• the number of speeds is 18;
• at maximum speed the torque is 107 kg/m;
• spindle cone - 50.

The advantages of operation include multifunctional mechanics of operation and improved accuracy characteristics. They consist of the presence of switching feed stops for all directions, the possibility of manual and mechanical locking, and the mode of intermittent longitudinal and transverse feed. In addition, when the machine is operating, it is possible to quickly stop the spindle and protect the clutch from overloads.

To operate the machine, its design contains two electric motors - the main drive and the feed. The power of the first is 7.5 kW, the second – 2.2 kW. Additionally, there are pumps for supplying coolant and coolant.

The video shows an example of how the machine works:

Operating conditions of the 6р81г machine and types of work performed

All machines of the 6Р81, 6Н81, 6Р81Г, 6М81 series have been discontinued from line production today. They were replaced by more modernized units with an electronic control unit. These machines continue to be used mainly for individual and small-scale production. Operating the machine does not require any special training; it is enough to complete a two-month internship.

The horizontal milling machine 6р81 successfully carries out work on processing materials with various cutters in a limited workshop area. The speed of changing end, corner, end and other cutting surfaces allows the machine to be used for all automatic and semi-automatic production lines.

General technical specifications

The main parameter of the equipment is the horizontal spindle, which does not change its location.

The machine table is manufactured with an angle of movement relative to the axial shaft; movement is carried out along, perpendicularly, horizontally. With minor modernization, the unit can be completed and the rotating capabilities of the table can be expanded.

The machine was produced for processing spiral grooves of various blanks, planes, grooves, frames, corners, solid plates, etc. The design of the table allows it to be rotated 180–360 degrees.

Characteristics of the 6P81 spindle:

• Speed ​​– 16 subsystems. Maximum vertical 1050 mm per minute, horizontal 3150 mm per minute.
• Rotation up to 1600 per minute.
• Cone 45.
• The specified standard for the unit is GOST 836-45.

The unit can be powered by autonomous sources. To supply power to the spindle and mechanical feeds, the use of adjacent power sources is provided.

The main motor of the machine (5.5 kW) drives the spindle, which receives the speed set by the milling operator when setting up the start.

The feed drive speed depends on the operation of the adjacent motor (1.5 kW). The required power to operate the cooling system is up to 0.12–0.14 kW.

Features of disassembling machines 6р81г

On machines, it is difficult to dismantle the feed box and gearbox from the console. Dismantling requires complete disassembly of the console, which must be carried out in the following order:

• unfasten the sled strips and the table cross-travel nut bracket, remove the table;
• lift the console all the way up and place a reliable support under it;
• open the cover and remove the nut from the upper end of the vertical movement screw; Unfasten the screw casing flange from the bottom of the console; unfasten the column from the base and screw it onto the screw; remove the screw with the casing and bevel gear from the console;
• Unfasten and remove the feed switch mechanism;
• unfasten and remove the reverse box from the console;
• disconnect the lubrication lines from the pump;
• remove the overspeed handle and console cover;
• drain the oil from the console cavity;
• remove the feed box along with the gearbox.

Characteristics of the 6N81G milling machine.

The 6N81G horizontal cantilever milling machine is designed for processing various relatively small-sized products made of steel, cast iron, non-ferrous metals and plastics, mainly with cylindrical, end, disk, corner, shaped and modular cutters with special cutters in individual and mass production. The machine is designed for processing flat and shaped surfaces, gears, etc. The presence of a rotary table allows you to cut helical grooves in the manufacture of helical wheels, cutters, countersinks, reamers and similar parts.

Explanation of the machine name:

6 — milling machine (group number according to ENIMS classification)

N – series (generation) of the machine (B, K, N, M, R, T)

8 – subgroup number (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) according to the ENIMS classification (8 – horizontal milling)

1 – machine version – standard size (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) (1 – work table size – 250 x 1000)

G – horizontal cantilever milling machine with a fixed table

A wide range of spindle speeds and table feeds provides the ability to process products at optimal cutting conditions.

For spindle rotation and mechanical table feeds, drives from separate electric motors are provided. The machine table can make rapid movements in three directions.

Manual and mechanical drives are interlocked. The mechanical movements of the table can be switched off using stops or manually. An electromagnetic clutch is used to brake the spindle.

The increased power of electric motors and the rigidity of the machine ensure the processing of products. at high-speed cutting modes with carbide tools.

The machine can be used in single small-scale and mass production.

The technical characteristics of the machine are given in Table 2.

In the frame 1 of the machine there is a gearbox 2. The console 7 moves along the vertical guides of the frame. The workpiece, installed on the table 4 in a vice or device, receives feed in three directions: longitudinal (movement of the slide in the direction of the slide 6), transverse main movement is the rotation of the spindle . Feed box 8 is located in the console. trunk 3 serves to secure the suspension 5, which supports the end of the milling mandrel. The layout of the 6N81G machine components is shown in Figure 2.

Fig.2. Layout of machine components 6N81G.

General technical characteristics of the 6P81 model

One of the key characteristics of the 6P81 is the main spindle. It never changes its position in the device. And the base of the 6P81 cantilever milling machine is a rigid bed. It is cast from a special alloy, which gives additional rigidity to this device. And the ribs can strengthen the platform for installing the device. Thus, the device will not move anywhere during its operation and its mechanisms will not be damaged by the trembling that occurs during the operation of the unit.

A pair or one earring is mounted in the cone of the 6P81 device. The device has additional capacity. It is created for a liquid that will cool the metal during operation. The spindle speed of such a machine is 1050 millimeters per minute - vertical, and horizontal - 3150. The spindle makes up to 1600 revolutions per minute. And the machine is powered by electrical circuits that ensure the use of adjacent sources of electricity.

The platform or table on which the cantilever horizontal milling machine is installed can be moved relative to the shaft axis. This means that perpendicular and horizontal metal processing is possible. Rotating the table produces high-speed movements in three directions and helps to process spiral grooves on cylinders, gears, and frames well.

Electrical diagram of the 6Р81 machine

Modifications and foreign models

There are both Russian modifications of the 6P81 unit, as well as imported analogues with similar characteristics. Domestic machines:

• 6Р81Ш is a highly versatile machine.
• 6k82sh is another version of a highly versatile machine with a special spindle head that can be rotated horizontally and vertically.
• 6N81 – horizontal, vertical – 6N11.

Consoleless milling machines have a spindle that moves strictly vertically.

Foreign analogues:

1. X613A is a Chinese-made cantilever milling machine.
2. X6132 – universal cantilever milling machines with a size of 1320x320.