Drilling a well is the optimal way to provide water to a suburban area in the absence of a central water supply line due to the low cost of the work compared to well water supply and technological accessibility. These factors allow owners of individual plots to carry out drilling independently after they have made a simple and inexpensive drill for a well with their own hands.
There are various designs of drilling devices for individual drilling; their choice depends on the composition of the soil on the site, the depth of the water layer, and the pumping equipment used for water intake in the future.
Well types
Studying the technology of individual drilling and methods of making drills with your own hands in the case of carrying out drilling work independently without the involvement of third-party specialists or commercial organizations will help save homeowners not only financial resources, but also earn money, if desired, by providing such services to local residents.
Design
The auger is made of a steel pipe to which a tape with turns of a certain size is welded. The entire structure of the auger is steel and highly durable, but over time the cutting part can become dull, which will lead to breakage of the auger. Another problem that may arise is deformation of the spiral or the appearance of cracks in the tape. In this case, a complete replacement of the auger is necessary.
Purpose of the mechanism
The unit is intended for manual control. An auger will not be able to drill through a plane made of stone or concrete or drill a hole to great depth. Drilling with an auger ensures penetration up to 20 meters deep into the ground.
But the device is in great demand in the field of forestry and agriculture, when it is necessary to create holes for planting seedlings. In addition, augers are needed for fishermen when ice fishing occurs or when installing small fences.
Let's look at the main properties of the part:
- Durability and structural reliability;
- Processes with hard soils, clay, soft soil;
- Ability to use an additional extension for longer hole duration;
- The steel used in production has wear-resistant properties.
How to choose?
Inexpensive models of augers have a non-replaceable cutting part, which complicates the work if it becomes dull. When
choosing an auger, it is necessary to take into account the nature of the work being carried out and the type of soil. Double-thread augers have two cutting structures and only one guide piping. In such options, the tip is wear-resistant, and the cuts are made of high-strength steel.
Characteristics
When selecting a screw, it is also necessary to take into account the following characteristic features:
- Auger length (80-100 cm).
- Trunk diameter (10-40 cm).
- Type of connector.
- Type of drilling structure in accordance with soil characteristics.
- Involute density.
- The distance between the turns of the spiral.
Expert opinion
Kuznetsov Vasily Stepanovich
Separately, it is worth noting the existence of an extension for the auger, which, if necessary, is attached between this part and the motor drill and allows you to increase the drilling depth.
Diameter
When using a motor drill, the size of the resulting hole will differ from the dimensions of the cutting tool.
Using the option with a diameter of 20 cm, you can get a hole measuring 23-24 centimeters, which should be taken into account when performing work.
When determining the required screw diameter, it is worth considering the purposes for which the tool is required. After all, when installing pillars in holes, they should not fit closely to their walls, since it is necessary to pour the concreting solution. Therefore, to install a post with a diameter of 6 cm, it is worth drilling a hole with a device with a diameter of 15 cm. And for an 8-cm post, you will need a 20 cm option.
That is why experts recommend purchasing at least two devices at once - 15 and 20 cm.
A 15 cm auger is used for installing small posts, while the second one is suitable for larger options. There is a 30 cm option, but in domestic conditions it is used extremely rarely, since it is necessary to create a massive foundation or large-sized supports. In this case, the motor drill must have increased power.
Preparing for independent drilling
Before making a drill for drilling a well with your own hands, you should determine the following factors:
- Estimated depth of the water basin . If the water layer is located at a depth of no more than 10 m, the well can be awakened by any of the 4 methods above. For water intake with a surface electric pump, a small channel cross-section is sufficient, so it is more rational and simpler to use driving technology using a needle drill or screw penetration with a small diameter drill. If you plan to use a submersible pump in a column of standard casing pipes, a bailer or spoon-type structure is made. For drilling to great depths, as well as to shallow ones, there are no competitors to auger hydraulic drilling in terms of speed and efficiency; the use of the percussion-rope method with a bailer or a spoon drill is significantly inferior in time to auger drilling using water and may turn out to be economically unprofitable due to high physical stress and significant loss of time.
- Well diameter . For water intake from depths greater than 9 m from the surface level, you will need to use a submersible electric pump, which requires the use of a large diameter casing; in this case, drilling can be carried out using any of the above methods. An effective option for sinking clay structures is to use drilling in the casing, in which water is poured into it, and the soil in the form of liquid mud is extracted out with a bailer or spoon device.
Homemade spoon drills
Top 10 augers
In the modern construction market there is a huge variety of motor drills and spare parts for them. Therefore, below you can familiarize yourself with the most popular models of augers and choose the one suitable for a specific task.
For soil, two-start D 200B PATRIOT 742004456
This model is ideal for drilling 20 cm holes. It has a double spiral, which works smoothly even with hard types of soil and clay soil. The stated length of the model is 80 centimeters. The weight of the device is 5.5 kilograms. The design and construction of this option were developed in the USA, and it is manufactured directly in China.
Pros:
- Double helix.
- High strength steel.
- Removable knives.
- Copes well with clay soil.
- Ideal for installing a fence.
- Reliable design.
Minuses:
- Working length is less than declared (70 cm).
- The need for regular sharpening of knives.
Double-start for soil (200 mm; 800 mm) DDE DGA-200/800
This model is suitable for drilling holes with a diameter of 20 centimeters. The device has two screw-type cutting elements, and is also double-threaded and highly durable. It has high-quality coloring and is equipped with replaceable knives. Suitable for most motor drills that have a connection for similar spare parts. The length of the model is 80 centimeters. The weight of the part is 6.1 kilograms.
Pros:
- Double helix.
- High quality steel.
- Removable knives.
- Copes well with clay soil.
- Cope with roots and stones.
- Retains the same appearance even during long-term use.
- Design and construction developed in the USA.
- With an extension cord, it drills holes up to 2 meters deep.
Flaws:
- Requires periodic sharpening.
For motorized drill double-thread D 150B for soil, diameter 150 mm PATRIOT 742004455
The high-quality version with a diameter of 15 cm is ideal for creating small holes and for installing small diameter posts. It is made of excellent quality steel, is double-threaded and has replaceable knives. This model ideally copes with loam and hard soil types without additional effort. Design and construction developed in the USA. There is also a long warranty.
Pros:
- Double helix.
- High strength steel.
- Replaceable knives.
- Excellent work with loam and hard soils.
- High quality paint coating.
- Copes well with a large amount of work.
Minuses:
- Periodic maintenance is required.
- The problem of finding replacement knives.
Double-thread D 60 for soil, diameter 60mm PATRIOT 742004452
The compact two-way auger for a motor drill from the American brand Patriot is made of high-quality steel, which is characterized by increased strength and wear resistance. Design and construction developed in the USA. The length of the auger is 80 centimeters and its diameter is 6 cm. This device is ideal for drilling small holes. The connection between the auger and the motor drill has a diameter of 20 mm. The device does not have replaceable knives. And its weight is only 2 kilograms.
Pros:
- Light weight.
- The design was developed in the USA.
- Double helix.
- High quality steel.
- Suitable for most motor drills.
- Suitable for hard soil types.
Minuses:
- Small diameter of the resulting holes.
- Lack of replaceable knives.
- Problematic in service.
- The need for regular service.
Double-start for soil (300 mm; 800 mm) DDE DGA-300/800
The large diameter two-thread version is ideal for drilling large holes and installing large piles and foundations. The powerful design, made of high quality steel, has two cutting elements. The auger is highly efficient and has replaceable knives, which are included in the basic kit. The length is 80 centimeters and the weight is 9.66 kg.
Pros:
- Two cutting elements.
- Availability of replacement knives included.
- High quality steel.
- Large diameter.
- High cutting ability.
- Design developed in the USA.
- Copes with hard soil types and loam.
Flaws:
- Heavy weight.
Drill 100/800 (100x800 mm) for motor drills ADA A00236
This auger model was created specifically for ADA motor drills, and is used primarily for domestic needs. It is great for drilling holes along small diameter fence posts. The screw-shaped version copes well even with hard types of soil; its diameter is 10 centimeters and its length reaches 80 cm.
The auger is single-threaded and its weight is 2.7 kilograms. This option does not have replaceable knives, but is quite budget-friendly. The mount has a diameter of 20 cm, which allows it to be used on motor drills of other brands.
Pros:
- High quality steel.
- Universal connection.
- Light weight.
- Low cost.
- Created in Hong Kong.
Minuses:
- Single pass.
- Lack of replaceable knives.
- Small drilling diameter.
- Problematic service.
Drill 200/1000 (200x1000 mm) for motor drills ADA A00234
A single-thread auger with a universal diameter of 20 cm is ideal for drilling holes for posts or piles and, when combined with a motor drill, will be an excellent helper in everyday life. Thanks to the screw shape, the part easily bites even into hard or loamy soil. And the longer length of the spare part (100cm) allows you to create deeper holes. This model does not have replaceable knives, but is made of durable steel that is resistant to dulling. The weight of the part is 5.3 kilograms.
Pros:
- High quality steel.
- Long length.
- Universal diameter.
- Suitable for various motor drill models.
- Works well with hard and clay soil.
Minuses:
- Lack of replaceable knives.
- The need for periodic maintenance.
Double-thread D 250B for soil, diameter 250mm PATRIOT 742004457
The double-thread auger from the famous American brand is made of high-quality steel, which is characterized by increased strength. It has replaceable knives, but the original blade is durable and resistant to dulling. The optimal auger diameter of 25 centimeters allows you to create medium-sized holes, which are suitable for installing a fence and concreting pillars and foundations.
This option is suitable for a variety of soil types, including loam. Design and construction developed in America. And the weight of the part is 7.4 kilograms. The length of this option is 80 centimeters, which allows you to create a hole of optimal depth.
Pros:
- High quality steel.
- Universal 20 cm connection.
- Universal diameter.
- Two-way.
- Works well with hard soil.
- Availability of replaceable knives.
Minuses:
- The need for periodic maintenance.
Double-start for soil (100 mm; 800 mm) DDE DGA-100/800
This model has an average diameter of 10 cm and is suitable for creating small holes in various types of soil. The two-thread version has excellent cutting power, and the length of 80 cm allows you to create a hole of optimal depth. Thanks to the universal connection of 20 cm, the part fits well with motor drills from various manufacturers. This model is made of high quality steel, therefore it is resistant to cracks and dullness. The weight of the spare part is only 2.9 kilograms.
Pros:
- High quality steel.
- Light weight.
- Removable knives.
- Universal connection with a motor drill.
- Two-way.
- Excellent interaction with different types of soil.
- Optimal length.
Flaws:
- Difficulty finding knives when replacement is necessary.
For motor drill Flatr 150×1000 mm
This option is universal and suitable for motor drills of any type. The auger can be combined with both hydraulic and mechanical devices from the Iron Mole brand; others will require a special adapter. The Russian-made version is equipped with two cutting edges, and if one becomes dull, you can turn the screw over and continue working. The connection between the part and the motor drill has a hexagonal shape with a diameter of 2.2 centimeters.
The tap is made of high quality alloy steel. This spare part is ideal for drilling clay, loamy soil or vegetative hard soil. The length of the part is 100 cm and the weight is 7 kilograms. The diameter of the spare part is 15 centimeters and is ideal for drilling small holes for posts.
Pros:
- High strength material.
- Unique double-sided design.
- Versatility (with adapter).
- Long length (100 centimeters).
- Facilitated service conditions.
Minuses:
- An adapter is required when using motor drills from other companies.
- Heavy weight.
- Lack of replaceable knives.
Have you ever worked with a motor drill?
It happened! It didn’t happen
So, when choosing this part for a motor drill, you must remember that:
- The auger must be suitable for the assigned tasks and cope with them perfectly.
- This part should be selected in accordance with the type of soil with which you plan to work.
- It is preferable to choose options with replaceable knives. And if replacement knives are included, you can do without service altogether.
- The best option for household work is a model with a diameter of 20 centimeters.
Advantages of do-it-yourself manual drilling
Manual drilling with self-made devices has the following advantages over automatic drilling methods using special drilling equipment by individuals and organizations:
Cheapness. Making a drill with your own hands from scrap materials and drilling a well without the involvement of third-party assistants, specialists, or organizations is the most profitable option from a financial point of view if other methods of employment in your free time do not bring monetary income.
Versatility. Independent manual drilling work is universal due to the following features:
- Manual drilling in many situations is the only possible option for carrying out work, if entry into the site of special equipment is impossible or the well is located in a built room.
- Narrow borehole channels are laid manually without the use of casing columns of standard diameter, which significantly reduces the cost of organizing and equipping water supply on an individual site.
- Drilling is carried out manually to a depth of 5 to 35 m, which corresponds to the characteristics of an Abyssinian and sand well.
- The drill made can be used for other economic purposes, if it is necessary to make holes in the ground - when constructing fences, planting garden plants, installing pile foundations and other household work. If it is no longer needed, the structure can always be disassembled and used on the farm at your own discretion.
Complete set of hand-held twist drill, factory-made.
Flexibility of use . Depending on the depth of the water layer, the quality of the soil and the dimensional parameters of the borehole channel, various drilling technologies, designs of drilling devices or combinations thereof are used. With individual manufacturing, there is always the opportunity, through experimentation, to independently make a drill for a well, the most convenient and effective for specific conditions.
Work can be carried out at any time convenient for the owner, without reference to the season, time of day, weather, hired specialists or organizations. If electricity is not supplied to the area being developed, wells can be drilled manually and mechanically without its presence.
Of course, you will have to pay for the low cost of the manual method in the speed of work and intense physical labor, the latter being to some extent useful in terms of improving health.
Pipes and couplings for threaded connections
