FILTERS FOR WATER PURIFICATION FROM IRON WITH EJECTOR AND AUTOMATION

The quality of water from a well or borehole often does not satisfy the owners of dachas, private houses and cottages. This water can be used for irrigation, but not for drinking. The question arises - how to purify water? For this purpose, modern water treatment and water purification systems are used. The aeration column is the first element of the system with a cylinder.

The aeration column is one of the important components of water purification systems. Thanks to it, the water is saturated with air, which leads to the removal of gases dissolved in the water (mainly hydrogen sulfide H2S) and the oxidation of iron before the water is supplied to the deferr filter.

Let's consider the types of aeration, as well as the composition, purpose and principle of operation of the aeration column. How to select and assemble equipment and when should it be serviced?

• Types of water aeration Pressure
• Non-stop
• Ejection

Types of water aeration

There are the following types of water aeration:

• pressure;
• non-pressure;
• ejection

Pressure aeration

Pressure aeration involves forced saturation of water with air using a compressor. This type of aeration is used in systems with consistently high water pressure. When a source of water consumption (for example, a tap) is running, the air compressor is turned on (the water flow sensor is activated), which forcibly supplies air to the aeration column.

An air separating valve is used to remove excess air.

Air enters the water with the help of dispersants, which separate the air into small air bubbles to better saturate the water with air.

Dispersant at the end of the tube

Modern dispersants provide optimal air flow speed for the fastest saturation of water with air oxygen.

Thanks to the compressor, this aeration method is the most productive, but also the most expensive, since a good compressor is not cheap.

Compressor as part of a water purification system in a cottage

At the time of writing, pressure aeration is the most common method of water aeration in water purification systems for private homes and cottages.

Gravity aeration

Gravity aeration is used in water treatment systems with low water pressure or if it is necessary to increase the water pressure in the system. This method allows you to regulate the pressure in the water supply system.

The water is saturated with oxygen in the storage tank. It is in the storage tank that mixing of water and oxygen occurs. Air is supplied to the tank using a silent air compressor.

At the same time, over time, a layer of iron accumulates in the tank, which must be removed during timely maintenance.

After removing the iron, it is advisable to treat the tank (storage container) with a special disinfectant. The fact is that over time, bacteria and microorganisms can appear there.

They cannot exist under pressure, so if the system uses gravity aeration, an ultraviolet lamp is always placed at the end of the system for disinfection.

Ejection aeration

An aeration column without a compressor operates on the principle of ejection. With ejection aeration, water is saturated with air using an ejector. The ejector operates on the Venturi principle. When water passes through the ejector, a vacuum is formed inside the pipe, which sucks in air, resulting in a mixture of water and air being supplied to the aeration column.

Ejection aeration does not require high water pressure in the system. At the same time, the ejection method of aeration is not expensive, but also less productive.

Ejector for water aeration

When using an ejector in a water treatment system, keep in mind the conditions that will provide the best performance:

• There should be no filters in front of the ejector.
• The well pump should only work on the filtration system.
• A storage tank or container (or a hydraulic accumulator) is installed after the ejector.

In cases where gravity or ejection aeration is used, a float switch-water level regulator is inserted into the storage tank (container).

When the water reaches a predetermined level in the tank, it opens the electrical circuit of the pump and water stops flowing into the tank.

The regulator itself is not expensive, the average price for it is 3,000 rubles.

High-tech material polyacetal

has particular strength and dimensional stability, which provides a high level of resistance to wear , cracking, shock and dynamic loads, as well as to high and low temperatures, organic substances, oils, fuel compounds, weak alkalis and acids.

Due to its physical characteristics, polyacetal is used as a substitute for metal alloys for the manufacture of gears, bearing shells, gear wheels, automobile parts, household appliance housings, sports equipment, electrical parts, fittings, etc.

At the same time, polyacetal is absolutely non-toxic to living organisms, is physiologically inert and resistant to disinfectants. Therefore, the material has found wide application in medicine, the production of food and water treatment equipment.

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Aeration column - purpose of water aeration unit

The aeration unit (aeration column assembly) in the system is necessary to saturate the water with air oxygen. This is done with the aim of oxidizing iron dissolved in water, as well as removing dissolved gases.

Essentially, during oxidation, iron changes from a divalent (soluble) form to a trivalent (soluble) form and precipitates, which is subsequently removed in a deferrization filter.

In addition to iron, other impurities contained in water are oxidized. Hydrogen sulfide H2S is also removed from the water, which has a characteristic odor (reminiscent of the smell of a rotten egg).

Composition and principle of operation of the aeration column

Structurally, the pressure aerator consists of the following elements:

1. Frame.
2. Compressor.
3. The head of the aeration column.
4. Dispersant.
5. Air release valve.
6. Drainage pipe.

Construction of an aeration column

Operating principle of the aeration column

Water passes through the tube and fills the aerator body. When the source of water consumption (tap) is opened, the air compressor starts working. The compressor pumps air into the aeration column and, with the help of a dispersant, the water is saturated with small air bubbles. Excess air is released through the air separating valve.

When water comes into contact with oxygen, iron and other metals oxidize and pass from the divalent form to the trivalent form, and are subsequently removed in a deferrization filter.

Aeration column dimensions

The most common sizes of cylinder bodies are 0844, 1054, 1252 and 1354; aeration column sizes 1044, 1465 and 1665 are also found.

The standard size of the cylinder, for example 1054, is the diameter of the cylinder and its height in inches, i.e. 10″x54″.

Table of standard sizes of cylinders for aeration columns.

Popular cylinder manufacturers:

• Aquatek.
• Canature.
• Wave Cyber.
• WiseWater.

Equipment selection

The standard size of the cylinder is usually chosen to be one smaller than the standard size of the deferrization filter. The head is actually a piece of plastic, so you can safely buy any one that fits the selected case.

Aeration column in front of the deferrization filter - the cylinder is one size smaller

Stores often offer to buy an assembled aeration column (along with a compressor) taking into account the required performance. Prices for such columns vary from 25 to 80 thousand rubles, I do not take into account the prices for industrial aerators.

Compressor for pressure aeration

A compressor for water aeration consists of a housing and an electric motor, connected to a 220 V network. The motor rotates a shaft which compresses the air in it, using a valve system, it is pumped into a plastic tube connected at the other end to a head and a dispersant.

Compressors for aeration column

The choice of compressor depends mainly on the budget and required performance. Typically, at a flow rate of up to 10 m3/hour, an AP2 compressor is used, the average price of which at the time of writing is 30,000 rubles. For flow rates greater than 10 m3/hour, AP200 is suitable. You can also choose analogues based on your budget.

In my experience, these compressors work without problems if there are no manufacturing defects.

The following compressors are popular among installers:

• Air Pump AP-2.
• Hailea HAP-60.
• Hailea Aco-500.
• LP-12.
• Hiblow HP-60.

Connecting the aeration column

Installation (installation) of the aeration column does not require special skills. To introduce an aeration unit into a water purification system, in addition to equipment, you will need:

• Combined collapsible couplings (MKR, American) with external thread - 2 pcs., usually the connecting size to the head is 1/2″.
• Fum tape.
• Tools: gas adjustable wrench (2 pieces are enough for me), hammer drill and screwdriver (attach the stand for the compressor to the wall).

If you can’t find American ones for 1/2″, you can take 3/4″ and an adapter for 1/2″, as well as elastic bands for them. In practice, the rubber bands calmly hold pressure up to 6 atmospheres (I haven’t tried it at higher pressures).

We choose a place, attach the stand for the compressor to the wall, and the compressor itself to it. We assemble the column, carefully wrap the fum tape on the American ones (with a cone - the closer to the base, the thicker).

Next, we assemble the aeration column according to the diagram.

Aeration column connection diagram

Aeration columns can be supplied assembled, then all that remains is to screw on the American ones and connect the compressor and the head with a tube.

Otherwise (if you want to assemble it yourself), to install it you need to follow these steps:

1. Insert the water-lifting tube into the head and tighten it until it stops. When doing this, do not miss the rubber gasket.

2. The air supply tube with dispersants at the end must be secured to the water-lifting tube using plastic ties or tape.

3. Screw the air separating valve with a tube into the head (wrap fum tape around the threaded connections).
4. Screw the tap into the head to connect the pressure gauge.
5. Screw the head to the cylinder.
6. Screw the pressure gauge to the tap.
7. Wrap the fum tape around the American ones (water inlet and outlet) and tighten them.

1. Insert the air supply pipe from the compressor.
2. Solder the pipes.
3. If necessary, tighten connections.

The assembly of the aeration column is complete.

Do not overtighten plastic threaded connections with a wrench. It is better to hold them out after water supply than to tear them off.

If you have tightened the connection, but water is still coming out of it, you need to disassemble it and “pack” it again - most likely you have not wound enough fum tape.

Positive results

By using a recirculation unit of a new design, in which the recirculating flow is divided into two parts, the following was achieved:

• A new source of air supply has appeared with characteristics equivalent to the use of a membrane compressor and a fine-bubble aerator, with an air capacity of up to 40 liters per minute;
• The hydraulic load on the biofilter was reduced as much as possible, which had a positive effect on its operation and allows us to consider this unit a biofilter with additional aeration of the recirculating flow, and not a mechanical aerator.

The implemented technical solution for additional aeration of the liquid being purified makes it possible to increase the stability of the cleaning technology as a whole and can be used on both newly produced and already in use Eurolos Bio models.

The need to replace a standard unit with a modified one may be due to the specific use of Eurolos Bio installations, for example, a short-term increase in the number of users above the permissible limit, accelerated startup of the station, or any other factors requiring an increase in the oxidative power of structures.

Briefly

Ejector Eurolos Bio
, pdf file ~142.79Kb

Maintenance

Maintenance of the aeration column should be carried out every 6 months. In practice, cleaning the aeration column is carried out when the following problems appear:

• drop in water pressure;
• the appearance of iron in water;
• water leaking from the head.

As a rule, when such problems occur, maintenance of the entire water treatment system is usually carried out.

Maintenance schedules may vary depending on the aerator manufacturer. Usually the deadlines are specified in the equipment passport.

Do you want to carry out maintenance yourself? Then you need to buy citric or oxalic acid and make a solution in a small bucket. It is advisable to add hot water to the acid. I won’t tell you how to concentrate, I always do it “by eye”.

You disassemble the aerator, wash the body, the head with everything on it except the tube, put it in acid for 15 minutes, then rinse it in cold water and reassemble the aerator in the reverse order.

Please note that before dipping your hands into acid, be sure to wear rubber gloves.

It's quite simple. And if it doesn’t leak anywhere, it means that the installation and dismantling of the aeration column was completed successfully.

Ready-made solutions for deferrization systems, types of deferrization filters