Oscillating Spindle Grinders - Uses and Characteristics

For wood processing, there are many different models of professional machines used in technological operations. Among other woodworking equipment, oscillating spindle grinding machines Jbos-5, Scheppach OSM-100 stand out. They are used for processing wood products. You can assemble such a machine yourself to work at home. It is important to comply with all technical conditions and safety precautions.

Using Oscillating Spindle Grinders

For wood processing, many models of professional machines used in technological operations are produced. The list of woodworking equipment includes oscillating spindle grinding machines Jbos-5, Scheppach OSM-100 used in the processing of wood products. If necessary, you can assemble a machine with your own hands to work at home, observing the necessary technical conditions and safety requirements.

Professional class oscillating spindle grinding machine Jbos-5

How to glue a sanding sleeve onto a sanding drum

Master class on making your own grinding bushings for a metal or rubberized spindle of grinding drums for an oscillating spindle grinding machine.

Sanding bushes are a popular consumable item. It’s great when you learn how to make them yourself and stop depending on the availability of bushings of the required diameter and grit in stores.

In a wooden toy workshop, sanding the pieces is a special part of the production process.

This is a very responsible and important stage in transforming the workpiece into a safe wooden toy.

You need to carefully get rid of all sharp edges, smooth out the corners of the parts so that the toy becomes safe for the child and pleasant to hold in his hands.

A video of the process can be seen here:

Step-by-step master class with photos.

Sanding drums come in various diameters, with rubber or metal spindles, clutched and clutchless.

How grinding drums differ is the topic of the next master class.

The process of manufacturing a grinding sleeve for a grinding drum with a metal spindle begins with gluing the spindle itself with soft plastic.

Typically, large and large diameter drums come with a rubberized spindle, while small diameter drums simply have a metal spindle.

Rubber coating contributes to a “softer” grinding, the part and the grinding material are better pressed.

Rubber coated surface is in process.

Therefore, you can independently “rubber-coat” the metal spindle for more comfortable grinding of workpieces.

To do this, we need soft plastic for children's creativity and double-sided tape:

1. Wrap the metal spindle with double-sided tape and trim off the excess with a utility knife.

2. Remove the protective yellow shell.

3. Roll onto soft plastic.

4. Trim off the excess.

5. Roll the spindle with plastic on a flat, hard surface.

6. Everything is ready. You can start making the grinding sleeve.

For drums with a rubberized spindle, we skip the step of gluing soft plastic.

1. We make a grinding sleeve.

We will need wet sandpaper, a utility knife, super glue, meter-sized sanding belt and a template.

As a template, we use a magazine sleeve of any grain size, but of the drum diameter we need.

2. Take a sanding belt of the desired grain size, a template and tear off the blank strips.

You can make several bushings at once, as far as the width of the sanding belt allows.

3. Take sanding paper for WET sanding!

This is important, because such paper is strong and will not let glue onto the rubberized surface of the drum, which means that the sanding sleeve will be easy to change if necessary

Glue it to the back of the skin using super glue.

Trim off the excess, leaving a strip of about 1 cm.

4. We tentatively, without glue, wind the skin onto the drum and make control pencil marks.

5. Use super glue

It is important to try to apply super glue in the center of the glued skin, quickly and carefully. You can use the adjustment on the tube spout. The main thing is that the glue does not flow onto the front surface of the sandpaper and does not flow onto the rubberized part of the sanding drum

The main thing is that the glue does not flow onto the front surface of the sandpaper and does not flow onto the rubberized part of the sanding drum.

We wind with tension, aligning the pencil marks.

The convenience of this method is that super glue hardens very quickly and, after developing skills, in just 20 minutes you will have a batch of new grinding bushings.

It’s a pleasure to work with sandpaper of the required grain size!

The master class will be useful for craftsmen who make toys with curved shapes, such as rainbows.

Thanks for reading!

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Features of the use of spindle machines

The products of world leaders in the production of woodworking equipment are well known in Russia:

• Jet (Switzerland);
• Scheppach (Germany),

producing oscillating spindle grinding machines:

• Jbos-5;
• Jovs-10;
• Joss-S;
• Scheppach OSM 100;
• Scheppach 450 B.

Oscillating spindle grinding machine Scheppach OSM 100

Jbos-5 machines are also produced at production facilities in China under license from a Swiss company.

Oscillating spindle machines consist of the main units:

1. Electric motor.
2. Desktop tiltable up to 45° on some models.
3. A set of spindles with sleeves.
4. A special oscillating mechanism placed in an oil bath, which can significantly extend the service life.
5. Protective housing with stand for spindles.
6. A set of table inserts with round holes.
7. A set of table inserts with oval holes designed for inclined grinding operations.
8. A special device for connecting the exhaust of generated waste.
9. Control unit.

Structurally, the machine consists of a spindle on which pulleys of different sizes are installed. When connected using a gear, the pulleys may have the same diameter, but the number of teeth may be different. The main working pulley is rigidly mounted on the shaft, and another equipped with an eccentric is installed on the end part. It must be taken into account that the height of the motor pulley must coincide with the range of vertical movement of the spindle. Due to the difference in speed, a reciprocating motion is created.

The main parts of the machine are made of cast iron, due to which its stability is achieved when processing workpieces. And the use of an oil bath to lubricate the oscillating mechanism allows you to extend its service life. The most widely used machines are Jbos-5, which have a compact size, good performance, reliability and low price.

Before starting the work process, the grinding sleeve necessary to remove burrs from the workpiece is selected. Next, a flange is selected, which should have a tight fit.

The washer is installed on the spindle from below with further selection of the bushing and shaft. The flange must fit tightly and be placed on the spindle in a special hole. Next, the sleeve and shaft are installed on the spindle, and the upper spindle is secured with a washer and nut. It is also necessary to take into account that when finishing on the machine, the workpiece is fed into the working area from right to left, and the sleeve rotates counterclockwise.

Oscillating machines are mainly used for processing shaped edges of workpieces and wood parts using a sleeve that performs a rotational and oscillatory movement. They are easy to use, characterized by high quality of product processing, and do not require complex setup and adjustment of equipment. Durable with proper use and compliance with technical maintenance regulations.

Preparing for work and launching

Scheppash oscillating spindle machine

Working with an oscillating grinding machine begins with the selection of a grinding sleeve, which depends on the size and shape of the workpiece. After which the flange is selected. It should fit tightly, without gaps. We provide a table as an aid.

Table 1. Flange and washer dimensions for upper spindle

The washer is installed on the spindle from below, after which the sleeve and a suitable shaft for grinding are put on. The flange should fit as closely as possible to the bushing; it is placed on the spindle and installed in the provided working hole. A sleeve and shaft are put on the spindle. The upper spindle is covered with a washer and secured with a nut. Controlled by a single “ON-OFF” button.

Main performance characteristics

Models of grinding machines manufactured by various companies have certain characteristics:

1. Electric motors with a power of 0.8 - 1.3 kW.
2. A certain desktop size.
3. The permissible height of the workpiece for processing is 100-160 mm.
4. The spindle speed is 1300-1400 rpm.
5. Possible spindle oscillation frequency is 30-60 times per minute.
6. The permissible spindle stroke is 25-40 mm.
7. Possible tilt of the work table is from 15 to 45°.
8. The permissible size of the processing tool is up to 250 mm.
9. Certain weight characteristics - from 10 to 140 kg.

Grinding machine Jbos-5 with the table working position installed at an angle of 45°

The machines are also equipped with special devices that allow the removal of waste generated during the processing of parts.

Design of belt units

To have an idea about the manufacture of a sanding unit with an sanding belt, you need to familiarize yourself with its design, which includes:

• an abrasive belt stretched horizontally or vertically on the frame;
• a pair of drums (drive and tension cylinders). In this case, the kinematics provide for the launch of the driving element using an electric drive that transmits torque by means of a belt drive;
• a metal or wooden table, and the first option makes it possible to work with more complex parts;
• an electric motor with a power of at least 2.8 kW, due to which the sanding belt (emery) can move at a speed of 20 m/second;
• a hood that removes wood dust.

There is a close relationship between the length of the working tool and the bed, as well as similar parameters of the workpieces that are to be processed on this unit. Every experienced craftsman will confirm that working with equipment is more comfortable if the wooden element being processed is shorter in length than the working surface. A properly assembled homemade belt sanding machine will allow you to easily level the surface and remove all errors, making it even and smooth. Also, belt units will quickly and efficiently remove old paint and varnish coatings, cope with the processing of edges and ends, sand curved shapes and polish a flat wooden piece of furniture.

Technical conditions for machine maintenance

The operation of oscillating machines requires certain regulations for carrying out preventive maintenance.

For the normal functioning of the grinding machine, it is necessary to periodically perform certain operations:

• once every 30 hours. the condition of the commutator brushes is checked and, if necessary, replacement is made (if the length of the brushes is less than 3.5 mm);
• Constantly clean the bottom flange and washer from dust;
• Constantly lubricate the working mechanisms of the machine.

How to make a homemade sanding machine? Drawings and manuals

The belt grinding machine is widely used not only in production, but also in everyday life to perform a number of operations for finishing various surfaces. In most cases, using such equipment, finishing of parts made of one or another type of wood is carried out. However, the machine is also suitable for grinding products made of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and plastic - just use a special abrasive belt.

Among the main tasks that can be performed using belt sanding equipment are the following:

• reducing the degree of roughness of the treated surfaces of wood or other material;
• finishing to level the part;
• preparing a smooth base for painting or applying any coating.

In addition, such machines are often used for fine grinding using an abrasive belt of hard-to-reach internal and rounded parts of the workpiece, as well as for removing various defects on metal or wood products: burrs, varnish or primer deposits. These units are often used for sharpening knives, cleavers, chisels, and cutting parts of various power tools.

It is very convenient that with such equipment, using an abrasive belt, you can process parts of almost any shape: flat, polygonal or curved. These machines also perform grinding of pipe and round workpieces of various diameters.

Due to the wide range of applications of such units, many home craftsmen often have the desire to make a belt grinding machine with their own hands. This is explained by the fact that industrial machines are very bulky and the cost of the equipment is quite high.

If funds allow, and the unit with the sanding belt is planned to be used very often, then you can get a factory copy. It is worth considering that in the absence of the appropriate skills, making a machine yourself is quite problematic, even if you have all the necessary drawings and diagrams in front of you.

When purchasing industrial equipment, you need to take into account the difficulty of transportation and ensure that there is enough space in the workshop for its installation. In addition, servicing such a unit is much more difficult than one assembled independently, which is quite possible to do with the right approach.

Let's look at what belt sanding equipment is, and also provide step-by-step instructions for making a simple device at home.

As the name suggests, the working part of a belt sanding machine is a belt coated with a layer of abrasive substance. It is a closed ring fixed between a pair of rotating rollers, of which only one is driven.

Torque is transmitted to the drive drum via a belt drive from an electric motor. For various processing modes, manual adjustment of the belt speed is provided. Grinding can be done in only one plane or at any angle to the workpiece, depending on the type of equipment.

Different models of machines are designed to process parts of various sizes. On units with a short work table length and, accordingly, an abrasive belt, it is very inconvenient to grind large objects

It is important to take this factor into account before you decide to make a machine with your own hands or purchase a ready-made one.

An integral element of any belt sanding machine is the hood. With its help, a huge amount of dust generated during the process of sanding a part with a belt is removed from the working space. When processing wood, many tiny sawdust are released, which enter both the respiratory tract and the eyes, which can cause irritation.

The work table of different types of grinding units can be movable or stationary. The abrasive belt in such machines is located exclusively in the horizontal plane.

The design of some equipment that allows processing workpieces in all planes does not include a work table. In these cases, the tape can be freely rotated in any direction.

Making your own grinding machine

If it is necessary to carry out wood processing operations, you can assemble a household machine with your own hands - a structure that must meet certain requirements:

1. The electric motor must be attached to the front pillar and connected to the grinding wheel using a shaft.
2. Circles can have different surfaces:

• made of abrasive material;
• felt;
• special fabric.

1. The base for mounting the electric motor must be movable and rotatable in any direction.
2. The electric motor must have sufficient power and shaft speed.

The use of oscillating spindle grinding machines allows us to achieve high quality processing of wood products, significantly increasing labor productivity and reducing the time required to complete operations.

Introduction

There are a huge variety of different design options for grinding machines. And all these options have their application and purpose. Using a grinder made from an angle grinder, you can grind and sharpen large workpieces and give them the desired shape - the master holds it in his hands. The second option is a grinding machine, in which, like a grinder, the abrasive material is a sanding belt (sandpaper), but it is stationary and it is convenient to process small workpieces, while maintaining the feed angle, since there is a perpendicular table.

The version of the grinding machine that will be described in this article is much simpler than the two previous options; The abrasive element is a grinding wheel with sandpaper installed on it. The advantages of this option are obvious:

1. Ease of manufacture;
2. The sanding surface is much larger than that of belt options;
3. The grinding plane is rigid, unlike belt grinding, where the sandpaper can bend under the pressure of the workpiece;
4. This machine is universal, that is, it is one of three machines that are made on the basis of a drilling machine (in total, there are only 4 pieces with a drilling machine).

Here are three articles that describe their manufacture:

This design solution, which allows four variants of machines to be assembled on one base, is a universal and very practical solution, as it saves material, time and space in the workshop, and also has one power tool as a drive - a Drill.