What and how to drill deep and large holes in metal parts

Metal can be different. For example, copper is much more ductile than steel, and cast iron, although strong, is brittle. Therefore, drilling metal in each case requires an individual approach. Let's look at how to properly make holes in steel parts, including large diameter ones. And also how to expand an already made passage with a drill.

Drilling a hole in metal Source kovkingorod.ru

How to make a hole in metal without a drill - Metalworker's Guide

Metal processing is carried out not only in industrial conditions. When performing repair work on a car, manufacturing structures on a personal plot, or carrying out home renovations, it is necessary to drill holes in the metal. At home, a hand drill is most often used. This versatile tool requires some skill in working with hard work. You can purchase or make your own machine for drilling holes in metal, but this is not a cheap pleasure.

Drilling wood

Drilling a large hole in a board at home is a very difficult task, because the shank of a large drill cannot be clamped in the chuck of a hand drill. A hole with a diameter of 15 to 40 mm can be made using a simple device consisting of a metal rod and a piece of hacksaw blade of the required size. Its cutting edges are sharpened at an angle of 45 degrees, inserted into a longitudinal slot previously made in the rod, and soldered or fixed with a wedge, which is driven into the slot.

An experienced person will never begin to drill into a round log before he has secured it securely. He knows that without taking precautions, he most likely will not be able to drill a hole exactly along the intended path, and besides, he may lose the drill.

Place a 1.5-2 cm long spring between the handle and the “runner” of a hand drill for wood, and even with sudden movements of the “runner”, a finger that accidentally ends up between it and the handle will not get pinched.

When drilling a large diameter hole (20-30 mm) in wood, you may not have the required drill or perk. In this case, first drill a hole of a smaller diameter, and then insert a flat steel washer (preferably a new one) into the rotor chuck and go through the hole again. This method is also applicable for countersinking holes.

If you need to drill a lot of holes at right angles in wooden parts, then take a cube of hard wood and drill a reference hole in it with great accuracy. And then use this conductor in your work. The cube placed on the drill will also serve as a drilling depth limiter.

A capsule cap from lemonade or beer is quite a good substitute for a drill; when you need to drill compass needles in a wood holder, you will reduce the risk of breaking it when there is a hole with a diameter of about 20 mm in a fibrous material or plaster. Pierce the plug, place it on the bolt, secure with two lock nuts, and drill.

It is difficult to make a hole in laminated plywood, it splits. Take a steel tube of the required diameter, sharpen the cutting edge inside with a round file and cut teeth on it with a triangular file. Inside the tube, insert a wooden cylinder with a nail without a head. During operation, the end of the nail protruding 1-2 mm serves as a guide.

To prevent them from spinning when drilling small parts made of sheet material, we recommend placing sandpaper under them.

If you attach a drill with a diameter of 0.8-1.1 mm, you will drill small-diameter holes in wood, textolite, and plastic.

There are quite a few devices for cutting large diameter holes in sheet material - plastic, plywood, chipboard, etc. You can use the design: a bracket is bent from a strip of steel 2-3 mm thick, its ends are ground in, and a hole is drilled in the center, then the bracket is put on a bolt with a pre-sawed off head. To operate, the device is clamped in the chuck of an electric drill.

You can cut a large hole in sheet material in a simple way: hold a nail in a vice (it will serve as an axis) and a piece of a drill (this will be a cutter). The circle is cut by rotating the sheet around its axis.

A circle of any diameter from plywood can be cut accurately, accurately and quickly using a wooden strip and two pointed nails driven into the strip.

The pencil sharpener bit (sold separately) can be successfully used for boring holes in wood and plastic. It is fixed in the chuck of an electric drill and the edges of the hole are processed.

A potato peeler in the hands of a craftsman is an almost ready-made tool for processing round holes in plywood. You just need to sharpen its cutting edge.

When drilling a board or plywood, remove the burrs at the same time, for which you string several rings of thick felt onto the drill.

How to drill in hardened steel? — Machine tools, welding, metalworking

To improve the basic characteristics of the metal, it is often hardened. This technology involves increasing the hardness of the product due to strong heating of the metal and its rapid cooling.

In some cases, after heat treatment it is necessary to perform drilling. By increasing this characteristic, drilling hardened metal becomes more difficult.

Let's take a closer look at all the features of drilling hardened steel.

How to drill through hardened steel

Drilling a hole in hardened steel

The widespread question of how to drill hardened steel can be associated with the fact that when using conventional technology, the tool quickly becomes dull and becomes unusable

That is why you need to pay attention to the features of drilling hardened alloy. Among the features of the technology, we note the following points:

It is necessary to properly prepare the hardened workpiece.
In some cases, a special tool is required.
Coolant is being used.

If necessary, you can make a drill for hardened steel with your own hands, which requires certain equipment and skills. However, in most cases, a purchased version is used, since it will cope better with the task when cutting hardened steel.

Hardened steel drilling process

Nuances when drilling

The technology in question has a fairly large number of features that need to be taken into account. Drilling of hardened metal is carried out taking into account the following points:

Before carrying out work, pay attention to the hardness of the surface. This parameter is used to select the most suitable drill

Hardness can be determined using a variety of technologies. During drilling, a large amount of heat is generated. This is why rapid wear of the cutting edge occurs. In this regard, in many cases, cooling liquid is supplied to the cutting zone. When cutting difficult-to-cut material, it is necessary to sharpen the cutting edge from time to time. For this, a conventional sharpening machine or a special tool is used. Only diamond-coated wheels are suitable as an abrasive.

Steel Drilling Tool

There are a variety of methods for cutting hardened steel. Some of them significantly simplify the processing. Only by taking into account all the nuances can the quality of the resulting hole be improved.

Useful drilling techniques

A variety of technologies can be used to work with hardened steel. The most common technologies are characterized by the following features:

Surface treatment with acid. This technology is characterized by long-term use, since it takes quite a lot of time to reduce the surface hardness. Sulfuric, perchloric or other acid can be used for etching. The procedure involves creating a lip that will contain the substance used in the cutting zone. After prolonged exposure, the metal becomes softer, and it will be possible to drill using the conventional version.
You can use a welding machine to achieve your goal. When exposed to high temperatures, the metal becomes softer, which greatly simplifies the procedure.
Most often, a special drill is used. There are versions on sale that can be used for processing hardened steel. In their manufacture, metal with increased resistance to wear and high temperatures is used. However, the complexity of manufacturing and some other points determine that the cost of a special tool is quite high.

In addition, to achieve this goal, a punch is often purchased. It can be used to make a small hole, which will simplify further drilling.

Use of lubricants

When drilling through hardened steel, serious friction occurs. That is why it is recommended to purchase and use various lubricants. Among the features of this processing method, we note the following points:

First, the drilling area is processed. A small amount of lubricant is applied to the surface where the hole will be located.
Oil is added to the cutting edge. To process hardened steel, a small amount of the substance is required, but it must be added from time to time, since it scatters when the tool rotates.
During work, it is recommended to take breaks to cool the cutting surface and the surface being processed.

How to choose a drill

Safety

In terms of electrical safety, commercially available power tools belong to class II: double working insulation, use without additional grounding is permissible, i.e. Such a drill can be plugged into a regular, non-European socket through an adapter. At the “iron bazaars” you can find tools of class I (“industrial”), with a grounding terminal on an iron body. It is unsafe to use it in everyday life, and in most cases its chuck fits a drill with a conical shank (Morse taper), which is not suitable for rotary impact drilling. Therefore, do not buy such a drill, even if it is powerful and cheap.

Class I is indicated on the nameplate of the drill, and if there is no designation, the body is partly or completely plastic, and the cord with a Euro plug is a class II tool. Class III - a power tool with an operating voltage of up to 42 V (low voltage) can be identified by the class designation on the nameplate and by a special plug with flat crosswise contacts. It is suitable for home use, but inconvenient: you need a powerful step-down transformer.

For protection against the ingress of foreign objects and water, power tools and equipment are marked with IP (Ingress Protection) signs with 2 numbers after them: 1st - from foreign objects, 2nd - from water. If the protection for any position is zero, the letter X is placed instead of the corresponding number. Thus, an IP32 drill can be used outdoors in good weather; IPХ2 - only inside, IP34 - outside in fog and drizzling rain, and IP68 can work during the Samum in the Sahara and under water.

Fundamentally: the first digit 2 means that the device is protected from penetration of fingers; for example, the plug socket has a degree of protection of IP22. But this does not mean under any circumstances that if the drill chuck with the same degree of protection is grabbed by hand during operation, it will stop on its own. The IP standard does not guarantee foolproof protection.

Cartridge

An ordinary three-jaw chuck is accurate and quite good for rotary drilling. When a rotary impact drill is used, the drill rapidly becomes loose, and the chuck itself loses accuracy and may completely fail: the threaded race of the cam mechanism bursts. For work on hard, brittle materials, the three-jaw chuck is suitable for occasional use or with a diamond working element in rotation-only mode.

In a quick-release chuck (you can tell by its corrugated plastic collar), the drill is clamped by a collet. This type of chuck holds the drill better during impact-rotary drilling, but is the least accurate and is not very suitable for delicate work. Massive drills are equipped with a two-sleeve collet chuck - clamping and loosening are carried out by various rings.

Patron of SDS (Steck-Dreh-Sitzt, nam. "Vstavil-povernul-sitting" Special Direct system Either, osobaâ rovnaâ systems, angle.) Izobreli in the Bosh company. The SDS that works for the machine is completely suitable: a system of figurnyh grooves, SM. . RIS, completely firmly fixes the working body in accordance with the principle of the kitajskoj puzzle; submenu drill delaetsâ only 2 mA legkimi movements.

Unfortunately, SDS is not suitable for mechanics and carpentry: the centering accuracy of the drill is insufficient. An adapter from a three-jaw chuck to an SDS makes no sense: it will become loose from vibration, just like an ordinary drill. Therefore, the SDS drill is incompatible with a conventional drill in terms of the placement of the working body.

Note: SDS fit comes in 3 types: SDS+, SDS Top and SDS Max. SDS Top is used occasionally, as a crotch and generally bad option; SDS+ is designed for one-handed tools weighing up to 5 kg; SDS Max – for a languid two-hander.

Power and speed

When buying a rotary impact drill for general work, you don’t need to skimp on power. A supply of power is needed to create the required torque at low speeds. The external feature of a commutator electric motor with alternating excitation, used in drills, is close to flawless, but the low-power motor at low speeds overheats from the huge current. It is also better to purchase, if not included, a front cap handle.

The highest speed of the drill is also important. A diamond tool is practically “eaten up” at a rotation speed of less than 1600-1700 rpm; its normal operating speed is from 2500 rpm. Carbide tools need more than 1500 rpm. If you come across a drill with a 600-1200 rpm rating, it is a special tool and not suitable for general purpose work.

For precise work on metal, a conventional low-power drill with only rotation is best – 120-200 W. A stand that turns the drill into a tabletop drilling machine will be very useful. And if you also fork out money for a rotary table for the bed, then you can mill small parts with a dental bur.

Mains or battery?

A home craftsman needs a cordless drill in 2 cases:

If you work on the side, this is your more or less permanent extra income.
If you have a non-electrified cottage or garage.

In any case, an expensive professional drill with a lithium battery and its charging time of 10-20 minutes is unlikely to pay for itself. This is an option for experts who work a full shift day after day. A regular alkaline battery, charged in 4-8 hours, will suit you. In the latter case, it can be “pumped up” to a hole or two in half an hour.

Section result

All of the above can be boiled down to the following tips:

Permanent construction work, including metal structures, requires a hammer drill and an impact drill of 350 W or higher.
Repetitive household work - rotary impact drill from 250 W.
For precise drilling - additionally a precise drill for rotary drilling at 120-150 W; better - with a bed.

How to drill with a drill?

Drilling metal with a drill requires following some recommendations:

To make a hole you will need an electric drill, a core punch, a hammer, machine oil and safety glasses.
Initially make markings.
Wear safety glasses.
When the pressure on the drill is low, you need to select the low speed position and start working.
Don’t forget to water the area being treated with coolant.

If you follow the technology and use high-quality tools, you can make holes of different diameters and depths. To drill straight holes or accurately select the depth, you can use a device called a “depth stop.” It is attached to an electric drill and adjusted to the desired depth.

Drilling metal with a drill

Basic tools for drilling aluminum

Drilling is used to obtain holes for:

The necessary tools are an electric drill and drills. The electric drill is installed in a drill stand. Basically, low and medium speeds from 500 to 1000 rpm are used for drilling metals. The use of high speeds leads to heating of the drill, and its annealing or softening may occur. There is no need to apply strong pressure when working. The feed should be slow and smooth.

Twist drill bits for drills are manufactured:

made of tool steel;
coated with hard alloy;
solid carbide;
with carbide insert.

They are used for all work on all kinds of materials.

How to drill metal products correctly

One of the most important parameters when drilling a hole is the sharpness of the drill. If you purchased one of the cheapest drills, it may turn out to be dull and made of soft metal, which will not allow you to make even a couple of holes.

How quickly the drill tip will shear and dull depends on the drilling speed, the hardness of the metal, the force applied to the drill, and cooling.

When drilling large holes, you must first make holes of a smaller diameter. This way the process will be much faster, and the drills will not become dull so quickly.
To accurately center the hole, you need to use a core punch and punch the center of the hole before drilling.
To cool the working part of the drill, you need to use machine oil. Simply lower the working part of the drill into a container of oil. Repeat this operation periodically. You can use soapy water for cooling (by reducing friction).
When drilling deep holes, periodically remove the drill and clear it of chips.

How to drill sheet metal

When working with sheet metal, there should not be any particular difficulties, even when drilling large-diameter holes. The only thing is that you need to place a wooden block under the drilling site, it will help remove the chips. When you feel like you've almost drilled through the metal sheet, reducing the pressure on the drill will also help reduce the likelihood of burrs.

How to make holes in pipes correctly

The main problem when drilling holes in round pipes is the difficulty of perpendicular drilling. This means that the hole from which drilling began does not correspond to the exit hole. To solve this problem, you need to use a drilling machine, or special guides, which you can make yourself or purchase ready-made.

How to drill aluminum

Anyone who has worked with aluminum parts knows that it is a soft metal. The main problem when drilling aluminum is excessive shavings wrapping around the drill bit. Because of this, the drill stops drilling and gets stuck in the metal. To avoid this, you need to remove the drill from the hole more often and remove the chips.

How to drill stainless steel (stainless steel)

Stainless steel is an alloy steel, which is not an easy task to drill. To make drilling comfortable, it is advisable to choose drills with a cobalt tip. You need to drill stainless steel at minimum speed, namely 100-200 rpm. Such speeds provide the required cutting speed for stainless steel and good quality. If your tool does not have a rotation speed control, you should press the button periodically for a second or two, which will prevent the drill from accelerating quickly.

If you need to make a hole of a large diameter, you need to use metal crowns, which make it possible to drill only along the outer diameter of the hole.

Equipment types

Drilling begins with preparing tools for work. You can make holes using a screwdriver, drill or a special drilling machine.

To make a hole, you need to select the appropriate equipment. For metal workpieces, you need to choose specialized equipment that is suitable specifically for this material. This is due to the fact that equipment for wood, concrete or ceramic tiles have different sharpening and shape. Tooling for metal products is marked with the letters HSS.

The working part of the tool is coated with titanium nitride coating, which increases their strength and wear resistance. For hard steels, a different tooling is used, which is designated P18. The strength of the tool increases when cobalt is added to its composition. An example of marking is P6M5K5.

To drill alloy steel, drills with a tip made of carbide are used. With their help, you can drill any metal workpieces, however, due to the high price, this is not cost-effective.

When the hole is made, you can select a drill for the thread. Its diameter will depend on the previously used equipment. To make holes of different diameters in thin metal sheets, you can use cone drills.

Is it possible to drill with a drill in concrete?

Situations often arise when it is difficult to find a tool for drilling metal products at a construction site, but there is equipment for working with concrete. You cannot make holes of large diameter or in thick metal sheets with concrete drills. Otherwise, you may break the equipment or damage the surface being processed.

How to drill with a step drill?

On sale you can find stepped structures for creating holes in metal of various diameters. Several drills of different diameters are fixed on one axis. They are designed to create holes of various sizes in thin sheet metal. When working, do not rush or put too much pressure on the drill handle.

Is it possible to drill with a Pobedit drill?

Any master of finishing work will tell you that drilling metal with Pobedit equipment is unacceptable. Pobedite drills are designed for hard and, at the same time, brittle materials. These include natural stone, brick, concrete. When it hits metal, the drill will hit the surface and damage it, but there will be no hole.

Pobedit drills

How to drill large diameter holes?

Drilling large holes in metal requires the use of appropriate equipment. You can do the work in several ways:

Crown for metal surfaces. It is a circle of the required diameter with sharpened edges. There is a drill in the center that pierces the metal. Next, at low engine speeds, the bit makes a hole of the selected diameter. During work, it is necessary to use forced cooling of the sharp edges of the crown and the surface being treated.
Multi-stage operation. This implies the use of several metal drills of different diameters. Work begins with equipment of the smallest diameter and increases as drilling progresses.
Cone-shaped equipment (stepped). Designed for working with thin sheet metal.

Builders recommend using crowns. However, when working with them, it is necessary not to increase the speed and ensure that all the teeth running around the circumference are intact.

How to avoid dulling a tool?

The tool becomes dull because it overheats during use. To maintain sharpness, drilling should be done at low speed. There is no need to press the power button all the way down. When drilling thick workpieces, you need to use coolants or pastes.

If there is no cooling lubricant, machine oil can be used instead. Coolant keeps the tool from overheating and reduces friction.

What and how to drill deep and large holes in metal parts

Drilling large holes is not a problem if you choose the right tool. For example, such work may be necessary to secure a channel or metal corner. The easiest way is to use an electric drill, but getting a hole with a diameter of, for example, 15 mm requires a lot of effort. To drill a large diameter hole in metal, special devices and core drilling technology are used.

Features of creation
Drill accessories
Feature of deep holes
Features of large diameter holes
Hassle-free drilling
Cone drill
Metal crown
Hole press

Tips for drilling

If it is necessary to make many holes in metal, there is a possibility of overheating and dulling of a drill made of any metal. To avoid this, periodically during the drilling process it is necessary to lower the drill into a container filled with machine oil, or used oil. This will prevent it from overheating and will greatly facilitate the drilling process.

Using this simple technique, it is possible to drill many holes with just one drill, which shows no signs of wear throughout the entire work and after. The disadvantage of this method is the splashing of lubricating oil. However, you can solve the problem by drilling through paper or a plastic bag.

Our company is ready to perform aluminum drilling work to order.

Working with some types of metal

When drilling into thick aluminum pieces, chips often clog the drill channels, making it more difficult to rotate. Therefore, when working with such material, remove the drill from the recess more often and remove the chips. Well, don’t forget to pour plenty of oil on it.
If you need to drill black cast iron, then you do not need to add any lubricating and cooling substances, since it drills very well even dry
Unlike black cast iron, white cast iron has increased strength, which means strong drills and lubricants are required to process it.

These are the basic rules for drilling metal with a drill. I hope I was able to bridge this gap in your knowledge. Good luck with your homework and see you soon!

How to drill in the right place?

If you think about this question a little, the answer should come to your mind even without a hint. Well, at least it seems so to me. But if you don’t want to think, then read.

For this case you will need a core. This is a tool made of durable steel, having a cylindrical shape and a point at the end.

We place the tip at the desired drilling location and hit the roll on the other side with a hammer several times.

Now that you have finished drilling, place a drill on the surface of the roughness and start drilling - the tip will not run away anywhere.

Features of large diameter holes

This procedure is more complex than deep drilling. Cutting work is carried out either using a crown or using a cone drill. Crowns for metal are similar to products for concrete and drywall. The only difference is the material used to create the cutting edge.

Drilling can also be carried out with standard products in several stages. To do this, first use a nozzle of small diameter. Then a larger tool is selected.

The most convenient way is to use cone drills. Such devices allow you to drill a large hole in one go. To do this, the tool is simply recessed into the material.

How to drill a hole straight + (Video)

A fairly common problem is that the drill slips off the mark and the hole is not made in the right place. Paper tape glued to the top of the tree can help combat this. Also, sometimes similar difficulties arise if you have to work with an overly thick drill. Then you should first make a recess in the material with a thinner drill, and then drill, resting against the mark you made.

It is important to pay attention to the quality of sharpening. If the edges are not sharp enough or sharpened unevenly, problems with drilling accuracy may occur.

Drilling a hole in hardened steel

The widespread question of how to drill through hardened steel can be associated with the fact that when using conventional technology, the tool quickly becomes dull and becomes unusable. That is why you need to pay attention to the features of drilling hardened alloy. Among the features of the technology, we note the following points:

It is necessary to properly prepare the hardened workpiece.
In some cases, a special tool is required.
Coolant is being used.

Hardened steel drilling process

Power and speed when working with metal

An important factor is the choice of tool, namely a hammer drill, drill or screwdriver, which will be used to make holes in the metal. If you use a drill with a power of up to 700W, you will not be able to make a large hole right away. A hand drill with a power of up to 700W is best used for drilling holes with a diameter of up to 10-13mm.

It is important to choose the correct speed of the drill or screwdriver. After all, at high speeds, your drill will simply burn out. This way you will ruin it.

You need to drill metal at low or medium speeds, not exceeding 500-1000 revolutions.

The larger the diameter of the drill you are working with, the lower the speed you need to choose.

General principles of drilling + (Video)

As already mentioned, drilling is the most common activity for a repairman, and therefore it is important to immediately learn a few basic rules associated with this activity.

Use of suitable tools. There are many drills, each of which is designed for a specific type of material. Therefore, you should not try to drill concrete with a wood drill and vice versa. It is also important to consider the conditions in which the tool will be used. For example, industrial drills cannot be used for interior repairs (this is simply unsafe). It is also important to take into account resistance to moisture: for outdoor work you will need a tool of class IP34 if the climate in the area is humid and IP32 if you have to work in good weather. IPX2/ can be used indoors
Correct markup. Before starting any work, it is important to carefully and accurately mark the drilling locations with a marker. You can also put paper tape under the marker to prevent the drill from slipping on the material.
Selecting the required drilling speed. Here everything depends equally on both the material and the diameter of the blade. If we are talking about very thin drills (with a diameter of less than 3 mm), then you need to work at low speeds, less than four hundred per minute. For other drills, the following rule applies: the thinner the drill, the higher the drilling speed required.

It is also important to ensure that the handle is securely attached to the shaft of the hand drill. The drill must also not be allowed to skew.

Devices to facilitate the process

Cutting fluid is used in many types of metal cutting. Most often it is used for deep drilling to reduce friction forces and stabilize the temperature of the working tool. A high-quality liquid does not cause surface corrosion, is safe for humans, does not have an unpleasant odor and removes heat well.

The following is used as a lubricant for drilling metal at home:

Technical Vaseline – for soft materials.
Soap solution - for aluminum.
Turpentine with alcohol - for silumin.
A mixture of oils - for tool and alloy steels.

Some craftsmen prefer to use a universal composition, which includes laundry soap (200 g) and motor oil (20 g). The components are mixed and boiled until a homogeneous emulsion is obtained.

The use of industrially produced cutting fluids makes it possible to increase the speed of drilling various types of metal. For example, when processing stainless steel, productivity increases by 30%. For cast iron this parameter increases to 40%.

Drilling aluminum like metal

Aluminum belongs to the metal:

It has a melting point of 660 degrees. This affects its drilling; when performing such work, the following may occur:

hole blurring;
melting of aluminum on the cutting edge;
swelling of the edges;
biting the drill.

During operation, aluminum envelops the drill, which makes it difficult for it to penetrate deep into the metal. The resulting hole widens significantly. Therefore, drilling of aluminum must be carried out at speeds 1.5 times lower than for other metals. The drill can also be cooled:

emulsion;
liquid machine oil;
or water.

The tool must be fed without interference, little by little. A drill intended for drilling aluminum must be factory sharpened, sharp or sharpened on a special machine. Drills that are sharpened by hand are not suitable for aluminum. It becomes dull during the drilling process. It depends on the:

Before you start work, you need to use a core to place the hole itself. To do this, place its hole in the desired center of the hole, then hit it with a hammer.

If you need to make a precise hole in aluminum, for example to make a thread, then you need:

use coolant. The use of cutting fluid is mandatory, otherwise the drill may break;
pull it out of the hole more often;
cleanse

When drilling aluminum, the best angle is approximately 130 to 140 degrees.

How and with what to drill deep holes

Drilling deep holes in metal is very difficult. As working equipment, experts recommend using machines in which the drill is a stationary element and the workpiece is rotated. During the work process, it is necessary to use coolant. Drilling lubricant will dissipate heat and allow for greater productivity.

It is necessary to ensure timely removal of drilling by-products. They can clog the channels and lead to drill breakage. A small workpiece can simply be turned over - the chips will fall out of the hole under the influence of gravity. For massive parts there are special devices with magnetic tips.

For home work, it is better to purchase drill guides. This is a convenient support mechanism that holds the tool in place, allowing you to drill holes with high precision.

If there is no guide, you must carefully monitor the perpendicularity of the drill location. The slightest deviation can break the tool or damage the workpiece.

Drill accessories

There are several accessories for drills that can make the process easier and make a large hole smooth:

Drilling jig. This device is a housing in which there are several guide bushings for drills of different diameters. The material used to create the bushings is harder than drill bits, so you don't have to worry about the tool moving to the side while drilling and widening the hole.
Drill guide. This product allows you to fix the tool in such a way that it does not deviate to the side during drilling. If such a product is not available, the tool may move to the side, resulting in an uneven edge. It can also be mounted at an angle. But when drilling metal products, this is usually not required.
Drill stand. A DIY product like this can be an inexpensive replacement for a drilling machine, as it allows you to carry out work more comfortably. When using a stand, a fixed tool moves along the bar using a lever. In this case, displacement is completely eliminated, since the workpiece being drilled is securely held due to the presence of a clamp.

Using these products, you can greatly facilitate the process of drilling metal products.

How to drill a perpendicular and vertical hole

Although it is sometimes necessary to drill at an angle, it is most common to make vertical holes (that is, perpendicular to the surface). In order for drilling to take place strictly at an angle of 90 degrees, it is necessary to use special guides. They will allow you to drill perpendicularly without deviating in any direction.

The simplest guides allow you to make only vertical holes, but there are also more complex designs that allow drilling at certain angles.

Metal crown

Large holes in metal, plastic, wood, etc. with a diameter of 19 to 102 mm. Conveniently done using a bimetallic crown from Hilti.

The bits performed very well when drilling a large number of holes for fittings in metal cable boxes (metal thickness 2 mm).

A clear advantage is that the crown is collapsible. If the centering drill becomes dull or breaks, the cost of replacement is about 250 rubles.

But for each diameter you will have to use a separate crown, the price of which (depending on the diameter) is from 400 to 1200 rubles. Add 1000 rubles here. to the adapter.